| Literature DB >> 34035549 |
Marina Sourouni1, Ludwig Kiesel1.
Abstract
Rapid advances in oncology have led to an increased survival rate in cancer patients, who live long enough to reach the natural age of menopause or experience the end of gonadal function as a side effect of oncological treatment. Survivors after gynaecological malignancies are a major challenge as these diseases are hormone-dependent and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) possibly increases the risk of recurrence. This article is based on a selective literature search for relevant studies and guidelines regarding HRT after gynaecological malignancies and provides a broad overview of current research. The data for assessing the oncological safety of HRT after gynaecological malignancy are insufficient overall. According to current knowledge, HRT is fundamentally contraindicated after breast and endometrial cancer. After ovarian cancer, HRT can be used after assessment of the risks and benefits, while there is usually no contraindication to HRT after vulvar, vaginal or cervical cancer. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commecial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ).Entities:
Keywords: BRCA mutation; breast cancer; cervical cancer; endometrial cancer; hormone replacement therapy (HRT); ovarian cancer
Year: 2021 PMID: 34035549 PMCID: PMC8137272 DOI: 10.1055/a-1390-4353
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd ISSN: 0016-5751 Impact factor: 2.915
Table 1 Recommendations regarding HRT after gynecological malignancies.
| HRT after: | Histological classification | Recommendation | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Breast cancer | Invasive breast cancer | Fundamentally contraindicated | Non-hormonal alternatives preferable |
| DCIS | No data | ||
| Endometrial cancer | Primarily contraindicated | Non-hormonal alternatives preferable | |
| Uterine sarcoma | Carcinosarcoma, adenosarcoma | Can be considered | – |
| Leiomyosarcoma, endometrial stromal sarcoma | Primarily contraindicated | – | |
| Ovarian cancer | Epithelial ovarian tumours | Risk-benefit assessment | No risk-enhancing effect |
| Rare types | Not recommended or not enough data | – | |
| PBSO with BRCA mutation | With breast cancer | Contraindicated | Until the age of natural menopause |
| No disease | Can be offered | ||
| Cervical cancer | Squamous epithelial cancer | Not contraindicated | – |
| Adenocarcinoma | Oestrogen-progestogen therapy preferable | ||
| Vaginal cancer | Squamous epithelial cancer | Not contraindicated | – |
| Adenocarcinoma | No data | Most commonly after diethylstilboestrol exposure in utero | |
| Vulvar cancer | Squamous epithelial cancer | Not contraindicated | – |
| Adenocarcinoma | No data | – |
Tab. 1 Empfehlungen zur HRT nach gynäkologischen Malignomen.
| HRT nach: | histologische Einteilung | Empfehlung | Kommentare |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mammakarzinom | invasives Mammakarzinom | grundsätzlich kontraindiziert | nicht hormonale Alternativen bevorzugen |
| DCIS | keine Daten | ||
| Endometriumkarzinom | grundsätzlich kontraindiziert | nicht hormonale Alternativen bevorzugen | |
| Uterussarkom | Karzinosarkome, Adenosarkome | kann erwogen werden | – |
| Leiomyosarkome, endom. Stromasarkome | grundsätzlich kontraindiziert | – | |
| Ovarialkarzinom | epitheliale Ovarialtumoren | Risiko-Nutzen-Abwägung | kein risikosteigender Effekt |
| seltenere Arten | nicht empfohlen bzw. nicht genug Daten | – | |
| PBSO bei BRCA-Mutation | an Mamma-Ca erkrankt | kontraindiziert | bis zum Alter der natürlichen Menopause |
| nicht erkrankt | kann angeboten werden | ||
| Zervixkarzinom | Plattenepithelkarzinom | nicht kontraindiziert | – |
| Adenokarzinome | EPT bevorzugen | ||
| Vaginalkarzinom | Plattenepithelkarzinome | nicht kontraindiziert | – |
| Adenokarzinom | keine Daten | am häufigsten nach in utero Diethylstilbestrol-Exposition | |
| Vulvakarzinom | Plattenepithelkarzinome | nicht kontraindiziert | – |
| Adenokarzinom | keine Daten | – |