Manya Jerina Hendriks1,2, Erika Harju1, Katharina Roser1, Marcello Ienca3, Gisela Michel4. 1. Department of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Frohburgstrasse 3, PO Box 4466, 6002, Lucerne, Switzerland. 2. Clinical Ethics, Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. 3. Department of Health Science and Technology, Technical University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. 4. Department of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Frohburgstrasse 3, PO Box 4466, 6002, Lucerne, Switzerland. gisela.michel@unilu.ch.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The long-term consequences of childhood cancer have received increasing attention due to the growing number of survivors over the past decades. However, insurance hardships of survivors are mostly unknown. This study explored qualitatively, in a sample of childhood cancer survivors (CCS), (i) the experiences and needs of CCS living in Switzerland with a special focus on hardships related to insurance; and (ii) the views of insurance and law experts with experience on childhood cancer. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 28 childhood cancer survivors and 3 experts (one legal expert, two insurance experts). Data was analysed using qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: Three key themes emerged from the interviews with the CCS: 1) experiences with insurance, 2) perception of discrimination, and 3) needs and barriers for support. The interviewed experts provided further detailed clarification of CCS' concerns. Our findings indicated that some CCS can move past their cancer history, while others continue to face hardships. CCS reported confusion about the opportunities and services within the social security system and most relied on their personal contacts for guidance. Finally, CCS expressed a strong need for socio-economic and legal support for social insurance questions, especially related to disability insurance. CONCLUSIONS: With the growing population of CCS, it is essential to further assess the interplay between medical and psychosocial health and socio-economic hardship. Supportive psychosocial services should aim to ameliorate insurance hardships. Better understanding of the relationship between childhood cancer and insurance hardships during survivorship will inform efforts to improve long-term financial security and health outcomes for survivors. We call for the public, lawmakers, researchers, insurers, and patient organizations to come together and discuss future perspectives to avoid the risk of discrimination for cancer survivors.
BACKGROUND: The long-term consequences of childhood cancer have received increasing attention due to the growing number of survivors over the past decades. However, insurance hardships of survivors are mostly unknown. This study explored qualitatively, in a sample of childhood cancer survivors (CCS), (i) the experiences and needs of CCS living in Switzerland with a special focus on hardships related to insurance; and (ii) the views of insurance and law experts with experience on childhood cancer. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 28 childhood cancer survivors and 3 experts (one legal expert, two insurance experts). Data was analysed using qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: Three key themes emerged from the interviews with the CCS: 1) experiences with insurance, 2) perception of discrimination, and 3) needs and barriers for support. The interviewed experts provided further detailed clarification of CCS' concerns. Our findings indicated that some CCS can move past their cancer history, while others continue to face hardships. CCS reported confusion about the opportunities and services within the social security system and most relied on their personal contacts for guidance. Finally, CCS expressed a strong need for socio-economic and legal support for social insurance questions, especially related to disability insurance. CONCLUSIONS: With the growing population of CCS, it is essential to further assess the interplay between medical and psychosocial health and socio-economic hardship. Supportive psychosocial services should aim to ameliorate insurance hardships. Better understanding of the relationship between childhood cancer and insurance hardships during survivorship will inform efforts to improve long-term financial security and health outcomes for survivors. We call for the public, lawmakers, researchers, insurers, and patient organizations to come together and discuss future perspectives to avoid the risk of discrimination for cancer survivors.
Entities:
Keywords:
Childhood cancer; Discrimination; Insurance hardship; Long-term late effects; Qualitative research; Survivorship; Switzerland; Universal health coverage; Unmet needs
Authors: E Aleshchenko; E Swart; C Spix; M Voigt; P Trocchi; T Langer; G Calaminus; K Baust; J Glogner; P Ihle; J Küpper-Nybelen; C Lüpkes; T Kloppe; D Horenkamp-Sonntag; I Meier; U Marschall; P Dröge; M Klein; A Weiss; C Apfelbacher Journal: BMC Health Serv Res Date: 2022-09-20 Impact factor: 2.908