Sarah A Hitchen1,2, Nick S R Lan1,3,4, Umar S Ali4,5, Adam L Hort2, Robert Larbalestier5, Bu B Yeap1,4, P Gerry Fegan1,6. 1. Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. 2. Department of Pharmacy, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. 3. Department of Cardiology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. 4. Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. 5. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. 6. Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Guidelines advocate multifactorial cardiovascular risk management in patients with diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. AIM: In hospitalised patients with diabetes following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), we aimed to evaluate the impacts of decision-support algorithms for optimising glycaemia and lipid-lowering. We also assessed the safety of initiating sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors near time of hospital discharge. METHODS: This was a single-site, pre- and post-intervention analysis of glucose and lipid management in consecutive hospitalised patients with diabetes undergoing CABG surgery. The intervention involved education and decision-support algorithms designed by a multidisciplinary committee to guide cardiac surgery unit clinicians. RESULTS: A total of 200 patients were included in the study. The pre- and post-intervention groups had similar baseline characteristics (HbA1c 7.9 ± 1.9% vs 8.1 ± 1.8%). Of 4092 blood glucose measurements, the incidence of levels between 5 and 10 mmol/L was not different post-intervention (55.5% vs 57.0%; P = 0.441). Fewer endocrinology consultations occurred (59.0% vs 45.0%; P = 0.048) and rates of hypoglycaemia remained low. High-intensity statin was prescribed in >90% pre- and post-intervention, although non-statin lipid-lowering agents remained <10% despite patients not achieving LDL-C targets. No 30-day readmissions for diabetic ketoacidosis occurred in patients prescribed SGLT2 inhibitors. CONCLUSION: The intervention did not improve inpatient glycaemia or increase non-statin lipid-lowering prescriptions in patients with diabetes following CABG surgery but did reduce reliance on specialty input. Initiation of SGLT2 inhibitor therapy near time of hospital discharge was not associated with safety concerns. Alternative interventions or strategies are required to optimise glycaemia and non-statin lipid-lowering therapy prescribing in this setting.
BACKGROUND: Guidelines advocate multifactorial cardiovascular risk management in patients with diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. AIM: In hospitalised patients with diabetes following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), we aimed to evaluate the impacts of decision-support algorithms for optimising glycaemia and lipid-lowering. We also assessed the safety of initiating sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors near time of hospital discharge. METHODS: This was a single-site, pre- and post-intervention analysis of glucose and lipid management in consecutive hospitalised patients with diabetes undergoing CABG surgery. The intervention involved education and decision-support algorithms designed by a multidisciplinary committee to guide cardiac surgery unit clinicians. RESULTS: A total of 200 patients were included in the study. The pre- and post-intervention groups had similar baseline characteristics (HbA1c 7.9 ± 1.9% vs 8.1 ± 1.8%). Of 4092 blood glucose measurements, the incidence of levels between 5 and 10 mmol/L was not different post-intervention (55.5% vs 57.0%; P = 0.441). Fewer endocrinology consultations occurred (59.0% vs 45.0%; P = 0.048) and rates of hypoglycaemia remained low. High-intensity statin was prescribed in >90% pre- and post-intervention, although non-statin lipid-lowering agents remained <10% despite patients not achieving LDL-C targets. No 30-day readmissions for diabetic ketoacidosis occurred in patients prescribed SGLT2 inhibitors. CONCLUSION: The intervention did not improve inpatient glycaemia or increase non-statin lipid-lowering prescriptions in patients with diabetes following CABG surgery but did reduce reliance on specialty input. Initiation of SGLT2 inhibitor therapy near time of hospital discharge was not associated with safety concerns. Alternative interventions or strategies are required to optimise glycaemia and non-statin lipid-lowering therapy prescribing in this setting.