Sara E Espinoza1, Jessica L Lee2, Chen-Pin Wang3, Vinutha Ganapathy4, Daniel MacCarthy3, Chiara Pascucci5, Nicolas Musi4, Elena Volpi5. 1. Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX, USA; Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Audie L. Murphy VA Medical Center, San Antonio, TX, USA. Electronic address: espinozas2@uthscsa.edu. 2. Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA. 3. Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX, USA; Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Audie L. Murphy VA Medical Center, San Antonio, TX, USA; Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX Center, San Antonio, TX, USA. 4. Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX, USA; Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Audie L. Murphy VA Medical Center, San Antonio, TX, USA. 5. Sealy Center on Aging, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Obesity is associated with sarcopenia in older adults, and weight loss can lead to further muscle mass loss. Oxytocin decreases with age, and animal studies suggest that oxytocin administration has trophic effects on skeletal muscle cells and reduces adiposity. We conducted a clinical trial to examine the safety and preliminary efficacy of intranasal oxytocin for older adults with sarcopenic obesity. DESIGN: A double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized controlled trial of intranasal oxytocin (24 IU 4 times per day) for 8 weeks. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-one older (67.5 ± 5.4 years), obese (30-43 kg/m2), sedentary (<2 strenuous exercise per week) adults with slow gait speed (<1 m/s, proxy measure of sarcopenia) were recruited. MEASURES: Generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate the effect of oxytocin on safety/tolerability of oxytocin administration and whole body muscle and fat mass. RESULTS: At baseline, body mass index (BMI) was 36.8 ± 3.6 kg/m2, fat mass 46.09 ± 6.99 kg, lean mass 50.98 ± 11.77 kg, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) 92.0 ± 8.9 mg/dL, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) 5.7% ± 0.4%, low density lipoprotein (LDL) 111.3 ± 41.5 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) 47.85 ± 10.96 mg/dL, and triglycerides 140.55 ± 83.50 mg/dL. Oxytocin administration was well tolerated without any significant adverse events. Oxytocin led to a significant increase of 2.25 kg in whole body lean mass compared with placebo (P < .01) with a trend toward decreasing fat mass, and a significantly reduced plasma LDL cholesterol by -19.3 mg/dL (P = .023) compared against placebo. There were no significant changes in BMI, appetite scores, glycemia, plasma HDL, triglycerides, or depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: This proof-of-concept study indicates that oxytocin may be useful for the treatment of sarcopenic obesity in older adults. Oxytocin administration may also provide additional cardiovascular benefits. Published by Elsevier Inc.
OBJECTIVES: Obesity is associated with sarcopenia in older adults, and weight loss can lead to further muscle mass loss. Oxytocin decreases with age, and animal studies suggest that oxytocin administration has trophic effects on skeletal muscle cells and reduces adiposity. We conducted a clinical trial to examine the safety and preliminary efficacy of intranasal oxytocin for older adults with sarcopenic obesity. DESIGN: A double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized controlled trial of intranasal oxytocin (24 IU 4 times per day) for 8 weeks. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-one older (67.5 ± 5.4 years), obese (30-43 kg/m2), sedentary (<2 strenuous exercise per week) adults with slow gait speed (<1 m/s, proxy measure of sarcopenia) were recruited. MEASURES: Generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate the effect of oxytocin on safety/tolerability of oxytocin administration and whole body muscle and fat mass. RESULTS: At baseline, body mass index (BMI) was 36.8 ± 3.6 kg/m2, fat mass 46.09 ± 6.99 kg, lean mass 50.98 ± 11.77 kg, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) 92.0 ± 8.9 mg/dL, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) 5.7% ± 0.4%, low density lipoprotein (LDL) 111.3 ± 41.5 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) 47.85 ± 10.96 mg/dL, and triglycerides 140.55 ± 83.50 mg/dL. Oxytocin administration was well tolerated without any significant adverse events. Oxytocin led to a significant increase of 2.25 kg in whole body lean mass compared with placebo (P < .01) with a trend toward decreasing fat mass, and a significantly reduced plasma LDL cholesterol by -19.3 mg/dL (P = .023) compared against placebo. There were no significant changes in BMI, appetite scores, glycemia, plasma HDL, triglycerides, or depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: This proof-of-concept study indicates that oxytocin may be useful for the treatment of sarcopenic obesity in older adults. Oxytocin administration may also provide additional cardiovascular benefits. Published by Elsevier Inc.
Entities:
Keywords:
Obesity; body composition; clinical trials; sarcopenia
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