Anders Tidblad1. 1. Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Abstract
Growth hormone treatment was introduced in the 1950s to address growth disturbances and metabolic abnormalities. Hundreds of thousands of children have been treated, with gradual expansion of treatment indications. From initially being offered only to patients with severe growth hormone deficiency, today many children are treated for conditions in which the associated short stature is not primarily thought to be due to deficient endogenous growth hormone secretion. This review discusses the history, physiology and safety of growth hormone treatment, with focus on the long-term risks of mortality, cardiovascular morbidity and cancer. Conclusion: Continuous follow-up is needed to increase our knowledge of the long-term treatment safety.
Growth hormone treatment was introduced in the 1950s to address growth disturbances and metabolic abnormalities. Hundreds of thousands of children have been treated, with gradual expansion of treatment indications. From initially being offered only to patients with severe growth hormone deficiency, today many children are treated for conditions in which the associated short stature is not primarily thought to be due to deficient endogenous growth hormone secretion. This review discusses the history, physiology and safety of growth hormone treatment, with focus on the long-term risks of mortality, cardiovascular morbidity and cancer. Conclusion: Continuous follow-up is needed to increase our knowledge of the long-term treatment safety.
Authors: Aristides K Maniatis; Samuel J Casella; Ulhas M Nadgir; Paul L Hofman; Paul Saenger; Elena D Chertock; Elena M Aghajanova; Maria Korpal-Szczyrska; Elpis Vlachopapadopoulou; Oleg Malievskiy; Tetyana Chaychenko; Marco Cappa; Wenjie Song; Meng Mao; Per Holse Mygind; Alden R Smith; Steven D Chessler; Allison S Komirenko; Michael Beckert; Aimee D Shu; Paul S Thornton Journal: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Date: 2022-06-16 Impact factor: 6.134