Ayurveda management of Major Depressive Disorder: A case study.

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a chronic, episodic disorder which manifests with disturbance in mood, interest, cognition and vegetative symptoms. It has major impact on quality of life of the patients, affecting physical, mental, personal, social, and spiritual well-being of the patient. Vishada and avasada represents minor depressive episodes and MDD can be equated to Kaphaja Unmada. Current case presented with sadness, worthlessness, helplessness, death wishes, disturbed sleep and was diagnosed as MDD as per DSM V criteria. Ayurveda diagnosis was Kaphaja Unmada involving kapha-dominant vata dosha, and tama dosha. Mental examination revealed derangement of mana (mind), buddhi (intellect), smruti (memory), bhakti (desire), sheela (temperament), chesta (psychomotor activity) and achara (conduct) components. Patient was Avara Satwa. Management was planned with integrative treatment comprising of Yukti vypasharaya (pharmacological), Satwawajaya (counselling) and daiwivyapashraya (spiritual-based techniques). Management was with snehapana (internal oleation), virechana (gut cleansing), sarvanga abhyanga (massage of whole body with medicated oil) followed by bashpa sweda (steam therapy to whole body), shirodhara (dripping of medicated oil on fore head), shiropichu (transcranial drug administration by placing cotton pad dipped in medicated oil), katibasti (holding of medicated oil in well prepared from dough), satwavajaya chikitsa, and daiwi vyapashraya chikitsa. Conventional psychopharmacological interventions taken since last year were tapered and discontinued. Treatment continued for 352 days which included 13 days of hospitalized treatment and follow-ups. Intervention outcome showed reduction in Hamilton depression Rating scores getting reduced from 31 to 6. Patient's self-assessed worry reduced from 16 h/day to 2 h/day, self-assessed daily relaxed state improved from ½ hour/day to 14 h/day. Patient showed complete remission by 180th day of intervention. Improvements sustained even during the non-interventional observation period. Ayurvedic integrative management showed effective in management of MDD.