Jananee Muralidharan1,2, Isabel Moreno-Indias2,3, Mónica Bulló1,2, Jesús Vioque Lopez4,5, Dolores Corella2,6, Olga Castañer2,7, Josep Vidal8,9, Alessandro Atzeni1,2, Jose Carlos Fernandez-García2,3, Laura Torres-Collado4,5, Rebeca Fernández-Carrión2,6, Monsterrat Fito2,7, Romina Olbeyra9, Ana Maria Gomez-Perez2,3, Serena Galiè1,2, Maria Rosa Bernal-López2,10, Miguel Angel Martinez-Gonzalez2,11,12, Jordi Salas-Salvadó1,2, Francisco Jose Tinahones2,3. 1. Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan de Reus, Institut d'Investigacions Sanitàries Pere i Virgili, Human Nutrition Unit, Reus, Spain. 2. CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. 3. Unidad de Gestion Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Laboratorio del Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario de Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain. 4. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, ISABIAL-UMH, Alicante, Spain. 5. CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain. 6. Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. 7. Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition (Regicor Study Group), Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain. 8. Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clinic Universitari, Barcelona, Spain. 9. August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. 10. UGC Medicina Interna, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Malaga, Spain. 11. University of Navarra, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain. 12. Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The Mediterranean diet is a well-recognized healthy diet that has shown to induce positive changes in gut microbiota. Lifestyle changes such as diet along with physical activity could aid in weight loss and improve cardiovascular risk factors. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of an intensive lifestyle weight loss intervention on gut microbiota. METHODS: This is a substudy of the PREDIMED-Plus (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea-Plus), a randomized controlled trial conducted in overweight/obese men and women (aged 55-75 y) with metabolic syndrome. The intervention group (IG) underwent an intensive weight loss lifestyle intervention based on an energy-restricted Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and physical activity promotion, and the control group (CG) underwent a non-energy-restricted MedDiet for 1 y. Anthropometric, biochemical, and gut microbial 16S rRNA sequencing data were analyzed at baseline (n = 362) and 1-y follow-up (n = 343). RESULTS: IG participants had a weight loss of 4.2 (IQR, -6.8, -2.5) kg compared with 0.2 (IQR, -2.1, 1.4) kg in the CG (P < 0.001). Reductions in BMI, fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and triglycerides and an increase in HDL cholesterol were greater in IG than in CG participants (P < 0.05). We observed a decrease in Butyricicoccus, Haemophilus, Ruminiclostridium 5, and Eubacterium hallii in the IG compared with the CG. Many genera shifted in the same direction within both intervention groups, indicating an overall effect of the MedDiet. Decreases in Haemophilus, Coprococcus 3, and few other genera were associated with a decrease in adiposity parameters in both intervention groups. Changes in Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 were positively associated with changes in MedDiet adherence. CONCLUSIONS:Weight loss induced by an energy-restricted MedDiet and physical activity induce changes in gut microbiota. The role of MedDiet-induced changes on the host might be via short-chain fatty acid producing bacteria, whereas with energy restriction, these changes might be modulated with other mechanisms, which need to be explored in future studies. This trial was registered at http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN89898870 as ISRCT 89898870.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: The Mediterranean diet is a well-recognized healthy diet that has shown to induce positive changes in gut microbiota. Lifestyle changes such as diet along with physical activity could aid in weight loss and improve cardiovascular risk factors. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of an intensive lifestyle weight loss intervention on gut microbiota. METHODS: This is a substudy of the PREDIMED-Plus (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea-Plus), a randomized controlled trial conducted in overweight/obesemen and women (aged 55-75 y) with metabolic syndrome. The intervention group (IG) underwent an intensive weight loss lifestyle intervention based on an energy-restricted Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and physical activity promotion, and the control group (CG) underwent a non-energy-restricted MedDiet for 1 y. Anthropometric, biochemical, and gut microbial 16S rRNA sequencing data were analyzed at baseline (n = 362) and 1-y follow-up (n = 343). RESULTS: IG participants had a weight loss of 4.2 (IQR, -6.8, -2.5) kg compared with 0.2 (IQR, -2.1, 1.4) kg in the CG (P < 0.001). Reductions in BMI, fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and triglycerides and an increase in HDL cholesterol were greater in IG than in CGparticipants (P < 0.05). We observed a decrease in Butyricicoccus, Haemophilus, Ruminiclostridium 5, and Eubacterium hallii in the IG compared with the CG. Many genera shifted in the same direction within both intervention groups, indicating an overall effect of the MedDiet. Decreases in Haemophilus, Coprococcus 3, and few other genera were associated with a decrease in adiposity parameters in both intervention groups. Changes in Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 were positively associated with changes in MedDiet adherence. CONCLUSIONS:Weight loss induced by an energy-restricted MedDiet and physical activity induce changes in gut microbiota. The role of MedDiet-induced changes on the host might be via short-chain fatty acid producing bacteria, whereas with energy restriction, these changes might be modulated with other mechanisms, which need to be explored in future studies. This trial was registered at http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN89898870 as ISRCT 89898870.
Authors: Anniina Keskitalo; Eveliina Munukka; Anna Aatsinki; Wisam Saleem; Noora Kartiosuo; Leo Lahti; Pentti Huovinen; Laura L Elo; Sami Pietilä; Suvi P Rovio; Harri Niinikoski; Jorma Viikari; Tapani Rönnemaa; Hanna Lagström; Antti Jula; Olli Raitakari; Katja Pahkala Journal: Nutrients Date: 2022-06-27 Impact factor: 6.706
Authors: Julia Sbierski-Kind; Sophia Grenkowitz; Stephan Schlickeiser; Hans-Dieter Volk; Joachim Spranger; Reiner Jumpertz von Schwartzenberg; Arvid Sandforth; Marie Friedrich; Désirée Kunkel; Rainer Glauben; Sebastian Brachs; Knut Mai; Andrea Thürmer; Aleksandar Radonić; Oliver Drechsel; Peter J Turnbaugh; Jordan E Bisanz Journal: Microbiome Date: 2022-04-04 Impact factor: 16.837