Takashi Ohi1,2, Takahisa Murakami1,3, Takamasa Komiyama1, Yoshitada Miyoshi1, Kosei Endo1, Takako Hiratsuka1, Michihiro Satoh3, Kei Asayama4,5, Ryusuke Inoue6, Masahiro Kikuya4, Hirohito Metoki3,5, Atsushi Hozawa7, Yutaka Imai5, Makoto Watanabe8, Takayoshi Ohkubo4,5, Yoshinori Hattori1. 1. Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry, Department of Rehabilitation Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan. 2. Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital, Ishinomaki, Japan. 3. Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan. 4. Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. 5. Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure, Sendai, Japan. 6. Department of Medical Information Technology Center, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan. 7. Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan. 8. Research Institute of Living and Environmental Sciences, Miyagi Gakuin Women's University, Sendai, Japan.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This prospective study investigated the cross-sectional association between impaired oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and the prevalence of depressive symptoms, and the longitudinal association between impaired OHRQoL and development of depressive symptoms among older adults. BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown a relationship between poor oral health and depression among older adults; however, findings are inconsistent. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Participants were 669 community-dwelling older Japanese individuals aged≥55 years (mean: 67.8 ± 7.2 years). Data of 296 participants were used for longitudinal analyses. OHRQoL was evaluated using the Oral Impacts on Daily Performances scale. Impaired OHRQoL was defined as the presence of at least one impact on the scale. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Japanese version of the Zung self-rating depression scale with a cut-off score of 40. RESULTS: The cross-sectional logistic regression model demonstrated that impaired OHRQoL was significantly associated with depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR], 5.17; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.99-8.95) independent of age, sex, body mass index, hypertension, cerebrovascular/cardiovascular disease, smoking, drinking alcohol, education, cognitive function, objective oral health (dentition status) and oral health behaviour (dental visit within 1 year). Similarly, impaired OHRQoL predicted the development of depressive symptoms within 4 years in a fully adjusted longitudinal model (OR, 6.00; 95% CI, 1.38-26.09). CONCLUSION: Impaired OHRQoL was identified as a potential comorbidity of depressive symptoms and a predictor for depressive disorder later in life. OHRQoL may be a useful clinical outcome for elder patients with regard to their mental and oral health.
OBJECTIVE: This prospective study investigated the cross-sectional association between impaired oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and the prevalence of depressive symptoms, and the longitudinal association between impaired OHRQoL and development of depressive symptoms among older adults. BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown a relationship between poor oral health and depression among older adults; however, findings are inconsistent. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Participants were 669 community-dwelling older Japanese individuals aged≥55 years (mean: 67.8 ± 7.2 years). Data of 296 participants were used for longitudinal analyses. OHRQoL was evaluated using the Oral Impacts on Daily Performances scale. Impaired OHRQoL was defined as the presence of at least one impact on the scale. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Japanese version of the Zung self-rating depression scale with a cut-off score of 40. RESULTS: The cross-sectional logistic regression model demonstrated that impaired OHRQoL was significantly associated with depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR], 5.17; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.99-8.95) independent of age, sex, body mass index, hypertension, cerebrovascular/cardiovascular disease, smoking, drinking alcohol, education, cognitive function, objective oral health (dentition status) and oral health behaviour (dental visit within 1 year). Similarly, impaired OHRQoL predicted the development of depressive symptoms within 4 years in a fully adjusted longitudinal model (OR, 6.00; 95% CI, 1.38-26.09). CONCLUSION: Impaired OHRQoL was identified as a potential comorbidity of depressive symptoms and a predictor for depressive disorder later in life. OHRQoL may be a useful clinical outcome for elder patients with regard to their mental and oral health.