Lu Zhang1,2, An-Hui Ge2,3, Tibor Tóth4, Fenghua An1, Liangliang Guo1,2, Zhaoyang Nie1,2, Jianbo Liu1,2, Fan Yang1, Zhichun Wang1. 1. Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 4888 Shengbei Street, Changchun, 130102, China. 2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China. 3. State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China. 4. Research Institute for Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA TAKI-RISSAC), Budapest, II. Herman O. út 15., 1025, Hungary.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Saline-sodic lands threaten the food supply and ecological security in the western Songnen Plain of northeast China, and the gypsum is commonly adapted for restoration. However, the dynamics of soil bacterial community and the correlation with crop yield during restoring processes remain poorly understood. Here, we elucidated the soil chemical properties and bacterial communities and their associations with rice yield under different flue gas desulphurization gypsum (FGDG) application rates combined with brackish ice leaching. RESULTS: The increased application rate of FGDG generally improved soil reclamation effects, as indicated by soil chemical properties, bacterial diversity, and rice yield. Compared with fresh ice irrigation, the rice yield in brackish ice treatment increased by 15.84%, and the soil alkalinity and SAR decreased by 35.19% and 10.30%, respectively. The bacterial alpha diversity significantly correlated and predicted rice yield as early as brackish ice melt, suggesting the bacterial diversity was a sensitive indicator in predicting rice yield. Meanwhile, the bacterial communities in the control possessed a high abundance of oligotrophic Firmicutes, while eutrophic bacterial taxa (e.g., Proteobacteria) were enriched after brackish water irrigation and FGDG application. Moreover, we also established a random forest model and identified a bacterial consortium that explained an 80.0% variance of rice yield. CONCLUSION: Together, our results highlight the reclaiming effect of brackish ice in the saline-sodic field and demonstrate the sensitivity and importance of the soil bacterial community in predicting crop yield, which would provide essential knowledge on the soil quality indication and bio-fertilizer development for soil reclamation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
BACKGROUND: Saline-sodic lands threaten the food supply and ecological security in the western Songnen Plain of northeast China, and the gypsum is commonly adapted for restoration. However, the dynamics of soil bacterial community and the correlation with crop yield during restoring processes remain poorly understood. Here, we elucidated the soil chemical properties and bacterial communities and their associations with rice yield under different flue gas desulphurization gypsum (FGDG) application rates combined with brackish ice leaching. RESULTS: The increased application rate of FGDG generally improved soil reclamation effects, as indicated by soil chemical properties, bacterial diversity, and rice yield. Compared with fresh ice irrigation, the rice yield in brackish ice treatment increased by 15.84%, and the soil alkalinity and SAR decreased by 35.19% and 10.30%, respectively. The bacterial alpha diversity significantly correlated and predicted rice yield as early as brackish ice melt, suggesting the bacterial diversity was a sensitive indicator in predicting rice yield. Meanwhile, the bacterial communities in the control possessed a high abundance of oligotrophic Firmicutes, while eutrophic bacterial taxa (e.g., Proteobacteria) were enriched after brackish water irrigation and FGDG application. Moreover, we also established a random forest model and identified a bacterial consortium that explained an 80.0% variance of rice yield. CONCLUSION: Together, our results highlight the reclaiming effect of brackish ice in the saline-sodic field and demonstrate the sensitivity and importance of the soil bacterial community in predicting crop yield, which would provide essential knowledge on the soil quality indication and bio-fertilizer development for soil reclamation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Keywords:
bacterial community; brackish ice; flue gas desulphurization gypsum; random forest; saline-sodic soil