Felipe Reis1, Tonya Mizell Palermo2, Louise Acalantis3, Leandro Calazans Nogueira4, Ney Meziat-Filho5, Adriaan Louw6, Kelly Ickmans7. 1. Physical Therapy Department of Instituto Federal do Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ); Pain in Motion research group, Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel. Electronic address: felipe.reis@ifrj.edu.br. 2. Seattle Children's Research Institute, Washington, USA. 3. Physical Therapy Department of Instituto Federal do Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ). 4. Physical Therapy Department of Instituto Federal do Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ); Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences - Centro Universitário Augusto Motta (UNISUAM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 5. Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences - Centro Universitário Augusto Motta (UNISUAM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 6. Evidence in Motion, Iowa, USA. 7. Pain in Motion research group, Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Pain education resources for children using appropriate language and illustrations remain scarce. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to summarize the development process and testing for face and content validity of a structured comic book about pain education for children. METHODS: A first draft of a comic book was developed (Portuguese and English) based on pain education concepts. Experts in pediatric pain from different countries analyzed content, objectives, language, illustrations, layout, motivation, and cultural adjustment. A third draft developed in Portuguese considering experts' suggestions was presented to children and parents in Brazil. The total adequacy score was calculated from the sum of the scores obtained in each domain, divided by the maximum total score. Descriptive analysis is presented. RESULTS: The expert panel was composed of 11 (64.7%) physical therapists, and 6 (35.3%) psychologists. The total adequacy score (0-100%) was 87.74%. The third draft version of the comic book was presented to 28 children and the final version was presented to 16 children with a mean age of 9.6 years. Children were totally satisfied (n=4; 26.7%) or satisfied (n=9; 56.2%) with the story of the comic book. The readability of the comic book was considered suitable for grades 4 to 6 educational level. CONCLUSION: The comic book "A Journey to Learn about Pain" was validated for face and content validity by the expert panel and the Brazilian target population. This comic book is available in Portuguese and English and can be a potentially useful resource for children.
BACKGROUND: Pain education resources for children using appropriate language and illustrations remain scarce. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to summarize the development process and testing for face and content validity of a structured comic book about pain education for children. METHODS: A first draft of a comic book was developed (Portuguese and English) based on pain education concepts. Experts in pediatric pain from different countries analyzed content, objectives, language, illustrations, layout, motivation, and cultural adjustment. A third draft developed in Portuguese considering experts' suggestions was presented to children and parents in Brazil. The total adequacy score was calculated from the sum of the scores obtained in each domain, divided by the maximum total score. Descriptive analysis is presented. RESULTS: The expert panel was composed of 11 (64.7%) physical therapists, and 6 (35.3%) psychologists. The total adequacy score (0-100%) was 87.74%. The third draft version of the comic book was presented to 28 children and the final version was presented to 16 children with a mean age of 9.6 years. Children were totally satisfied (n=4; 26.7%) or satisfied (n=9; 56.2%) with the story of the comic book. The readability of the comic book was considered suitable for grades 4 to 6 educational level. CONCLUSION: The comic book "A Journey to Learn about Pain" was validated for face and content validity by the expert panel and the Brazilian target population. This comic book is available in Portuguese and English and can be a potentially useful resource for children.
Authors: Jo Nijs; Rafael Torres-Cueco; C Paul van Wilgen; Enrique Lluh Girbes; Filip Struyf; Nathalie Roussel; Jessica van Oosterwijck; Liesbeth Daenen; Kevin Kuppens; Luc Vanwerweeen; Linda Hermans; David Beckwee; Lennard Voogt; Jacqui Clark; Niamh Moloney; Mira Meeus Journal: Pain Physician Date: 2014 Sep-Oct Impact factor: 4.965
Authors: Hayley B Leake; Lauren C Heathcote; Laura E Simons; Jennifer Stinson; Steven J Kamper; Christopher M Williams; Laura L Burgoyne; Meredith Craigie; Marjolein Kammers; David Moen; Joshua W Pate; Kimberley Szeto; G Lorimer Moseley Journal: Can J Pain Date: 2019-11-26