Mahdi Sepidarkish1, Gholamreza Rezamand2, Mostafa Qorbani3,4, Hafez Heydari5, M Dulce Estêvão6, Dalia Omran7, Mojgan Morvaridzadeh8, Darren M Roffey9, Farnaz Farsi10, Sara Ebrahimi11, Fatemeh Shokri12, Javad Heshmati8. 1. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. 2. Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 3. Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran. 4. Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 5. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran. 6. Universidade do Algarve, Escola Superior de Saúde, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal. 7. Department of Endemic Medicine and Hepatology, Thabet hospital for Endemic diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. 8. Department of Nutritional Science, School of Nutritional Science and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. 9. Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, Canada. 10. Student Research Committee, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 11. Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia. 12. Department of Health Education and Promotion, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although a large body of literature reported the beneficial effects of omega-3 fatty acids (omega-3 FAs) consumption on adipokines levels, but recent findings from clinical trials are not univocal. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of omega-3 FAs supplements on adipokines. METHODS: We searched Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane Library from inception to August 2020 without any particular language limitations. Outcomes were summarized as standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) estimated from Hedge's g and random effects modeling. RESULTS: Fifty-two trials involving 4,568 participants were included. Omega-3 FAs intake was associated with a significant increase in plasma adiponectin levels (n = 43; 3,434 participants; SMD: 0.21, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.37; p = 0.01; I2= 80.14%). This meta-analysis indicates that supplementing participants with omega-3 fatty acids more than 2000 mg daily and more than 10 weeks resulted in a significant and more favorable improvement in plasma adiponectin levels. However, omega-3 FAs intake had no significant effect on leptin levels (SMD: -0.02, 95% CI: -0.20, 0.17, I2= 54.13%). CONCLUSION: The evidence supports a beneficial effect of omega-3 FAs intake on serum adiponectin levels but does not appear to impact on leptin concentrations. Larger well-designed RCTs are still required to evaluate the effect of omega-3 FAs on leptin in specific diseases.
BACKGROUND: Although a large body of literature reported the beneficial effects of omega-3 fatty acids (omega-3 FAs) consumption on adipokines levels, but recent findings from clinical trials are not univocal. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of omega-3 FAs supplements on adipokines. METHODS: We searched Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane Library from inception to August 2020 without any particular language limitations. Outcomes were summarized as standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) estimated from Hedge's g and random effects modeling. RESULTS: Fifty-two trials involving 4,568 participants were included. Omega-3 FAs intake was associated with a significant increase in plasma adiponectin levels (n = 43; 3,434 participants; SMD: 0.21, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.37; p = 0.01; I2= 80.14%). This meta-analysis indicates that supplementing participants with omega-3 fatty acids more than 2000 mg daily and more than 10 weeks resulted in a significant and more favorable improvement in plasma adiponectin levels. However, omega-3 FAs intake had no significant effect on leptin levels (SMD: -0.02, 95% CI: -0.20, 0.17, I2= 54.13%). CONCLUSION: The evidence supports a beneficial effect of omega-3 FAs intake on serum adiponectin levels but does not appear to impact on leptin concentrations. Larger well-designed RCTs are still required to evaluate the effect of omega-3 FAs on leptin in specific diseases.