Christoph Würnschimmel1,2, Mike Wenzel2,3, Claudia Collà Ruvolo2,4, Luigi Nocera2,5, Zhe Tian2, Fred Saad2, Alberto Briganti5, Shahrokh F Shariat6,7,8,9,10,11, Vincenzo Mirone4, Felix Kh Chun3, Derya Tilki1,12, Markus Graefen1, Pierre I Karakiewicz2. 1. Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. 2. Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Quebec, Canada. 3. Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany. 4. Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. 5. Department of Urology and Division of Experimental Oncology, Urological Research Institute, IBCAS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. 6. Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. 7. Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA. 8. Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA. 9. Department of Urology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. 10. Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia. 11. Division of Urology, Department of Special Surgery, Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. 12. Department of Urology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To quantify the magnitude of differences between observed overall survival and respective, age-adjusted Social Security Administration life tables-derived life expectancy in Caucasian, African American, Hispanic/Latino and Asian metastatic prostate cancer patients. Furthermore, to test for differences in cancer-specific mortality and other-cause mortality according to race/ethnicity. METHODS: We relied on the 2004-2006 Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database to identify Caucasian, African American, Hispanic/Latino and Asian metastatic prostate cancer patients. Social Security Administration life tables were used to compute 10-year life expectancy for comparisons with observed overall survival. Poisson regression plots showed cancer-specific mortality relative to other-cause mortality for each race/ethnicity. RESULTS: A total of 2574 (64.2%) patients were Caucasian, 753 (18.8%) were African American, 453 (11.3%) were Hispanic/Latino and 227 (5.7%) were Asian, respectively. The median age at diagnosis was 72 years in Caucasian patients, 68 years in African American patients, 70 years in Hispanic/Latino patients and 72 years in Asian patients. Observed overall survival rates were always lower compared with respective predicted life expectancy. The magnitude of the difference between observed overall survival and predicted life expectancy at 10 years was highest in African American patients (-52.2%), followed by Caucasian patients (-48.3%), Hispanic/Latino patients (-46.1%) and Asian patients (-37.4%). African American patients showed the highest cancer-specific mortality rates (71.1%) and second-highest other-cause mortality rates (17.4% vs highest 18.4% in Caucasian patients), despite having the youngest age at diagnosis. Asian patients showed the lowest cancer-specific mortality rates (65.5%, P < 0.0001) and lowest other-cause mortality rates (13.3%, P = 0.04), despite having the oldest age at diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Despite having the youngest age at diagnosis, African American patients show the least favorable survival profile in metastatic prostate cancer. Conversely, Asian patients show the most favorable survival profile in metastatic prostate cancer, despite having the oldest age at diagnosis.
OBJECTIVES: To quantify the magnitude of differences between observed overall survival and respective, age-adjusted Social Security Administration life tables-derived life expectancy in Caucasian, African American, Hispanic/Latino and Asian metastatic prostate cancerpatients. Furthermore, to test for differences in cancer-specific mortality and other-cause mortality according to race/ethnicity. METHODS: We relied on the 2004-2006 Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database to identify Caucasian, African American, Hispanic/Latino and Asian metastatic prostate cancerpatients. Social Security Administration life tables were used to compute 10-year life expectancy for comparisons with observed overall survival. Poisson regression plots showed cancer-specific mortality relative to other-cause mortality for each race/ethnicity. RESULTS: A total of 2574 (64.2%) patients were Caucasian, 753 (18.8%) were African American, 453 (11.3%) were Hispanic/Latino and 227 (5.7%) were Asian, respectively. The median age at diagnosis was 72 years in Caucasian patients, 68 years in African American patients, 70 years in Hispanic/Latino patients and 72 years in Asian patients. Observed overall survival rates were always lower compared with respective predicted life expectancy. The magnitude of the difference between observed overall survival and predicted life expectancy at 10 years was highest in African American patients (-52.2%), followed by Caucasian patients (-48.3%), Hispanic/Latino patients (-46.1%) and Asian patients (-37.4%). African American patients showed the highest cancer-specific mortality rates (71.1%) and second-highest other-cause mortality rates (17.4% vs highest 18.4% in Caucasian patients), despite having the youngest age at diagnosis. Asian patients showed the lowest cancer-specific mortality rates (65.5%, P < 0.0001) and lowest other-cause mortality rates (13.3%, P = 0.04), despite having the oldest age at diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Despite having the youngest age at diagnosis, African American patients show the least favorable survival profile in metastatic prostate cancer. Conversely, Asian patients show the most favorable survival profile in metastatic prostate cancer, despite having the oldest age at diagnosis.
Authors: Francesco Chierigo; Marco Borghesi; Christoph Würnschimmel; Rocco Simone Flammia; Benedikt Horlemann; Gabriele Sorce; Benedikt Hoeh; Zhe Tian; Fred Saad; Markus Graefen; Michele Gallucci; Alberto Briganti; Francesco Montorsi; Felix K H Chun; Shahrokh F Shariat; Guglielmo Mantica; Nazareno Suardi; Carlo Terrone; Pierre I Karakiewicz Journal: Int Urol Nephrol Date: 2022-05-04 Impact factor: 2.370
Authors: Mike Wenzel; Luigi Nocera; Christoph Würnschimmel; Claudia Collà Ruvolo; Zhe Tian; Fred Saad; Alberto Briganti; Derya Tilki; Markus Graefen; Andreas Becker; Frederik C Roos; Felix K H Chun; Pierre I Karakiewicz Journal: Front Oncol Date: 2021-10-06 Impact factor: 6.244
Authors: Mike Wenzel; Christoph Würnschimmel; Luigi Nocera; Claudia Colla Ruvolo; Benedikt Hoeh; Zhe Tian; Shahrokh F Shariat; Fred Saad; Alberto Briganti; Markus Graefen; Felix Preisser; Andreas Becker; Philipp Mandel; Felix K H Chun; Pierre I Karakiewicz Journal: Front Oncol Date: 2022-08-19 Impact factor: 5.738