Yameng Fan1, Yinyin Zhang1, Jiaqiao Li1, Yamei Liu1, Long Zhou2,3, Yan Yu4. 1. School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China. 2. School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China. wcuzhl@163.com. 3. Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China. wcuzhl@163.com. 4. School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China. yanyupaper@yeah.net.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Diet plays an important role in the development of age-related chronic diseases. However, the association between diet quality assessed by Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015, the latest version of HEI, and physical frailty among the general United States (US) elderly adults remains unclear. AIMS: The present study aims to explore the association between HEI-2015 and physical frailty in elderly adults using data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. METHODS: HEI-2015 scores were calculated from 2 days 24-h recall interviews. Physical frailty status was assessed by four criteria developed by Fried et al.: exhaustion, weakness, low body mass, and low physical activity, and then categorized into robust (0 criteria), pre-frail (1-2 criteria), or frail (3-4 criteria). The binary and multinomial logistic regressions were used to examine the odds of frailty status. RESULTS: A total of 2345 participants aged 60 years or older were included. According to the 4-items frailty criteria, 51.1% participants were robust, 42.1% were pre-frail, and 6.8% were frail. Compared to the lowest HEI-2015 quartile, the elderly adults in the higher quartile had a lower odds of physical frailty (P < 0.05). Regarding the frailty criterion separately, higher HEI-2015 was associated with lower odds of exhaustion, weakness, low physical activity and unintentional weight loss, respectively (P < 0.05). Among 13 HEI-2015 components, adherence to the recommended intake of whole fruits and total vegetables components were less likely to be physically frail (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Higher HEI-2015 was inversely associated with lower odds of physical frailty in the US elderly adults.
BACKGROUND: Diet plays an important role in the development of age-related chronic diseases. However, the association between diet quality assessed by Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015, the latest version of HEI, and physical frailty among the general United States (US) elderly adults remains unclear. AIMS: The present study aims to explore the association between HEI-2015 and physical frailty in elderly adults using data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. METHODS: HEI-2015 scores were calculated from 2 days 24-h recall interviews. Physical frailty status was assessed by four criteria developed by Fried et al.: exhaustion, weakness, low body mass, and low physical activity, and then categorized into robust (0 criteria), pre-frail (1-2 criteria), or frail (3-4 criteria). The binary and multinomial logistic regressions were used to examine the odds of frailty status. RESULTS: A total of 2345 participants aged 60 years or older were included. According to the 4-items frailty criteria, 51.1% participants were robust, 42.1% were pre-frail, and 6.8% were frail. Compared to the lowest HEI-2015 quartile, the elderly adults in the higher quartile had a lower odds of physical frailty (P < 0.05). Regarding the frailty criterion separately, higher HEI-2015 was associated with lower odds of exhaustion, weakness, low physical activity and unintentional weight loss, respectively (P < 0.05). Among 13 HEI-2015 components, adherence to the recommended intake of whole fruits and total vegetables components were less likely to be physically frail (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Higher HEI-2015 was inversely associated with lower odds of physical frailty in the US elderly adults.
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