Maria Jalbrzikowski1, Rebecca A Hayes1, Stephen J Wood2,3,4, Dorte Nordholm5, Juan H Zhou6,7, Paolo Fusar-Poli8,9, Peter J Uhlhaas10,11, Tsutomu Takahashi12,13, Gisela Sugranyes14, Yoo Bin Kwak15, Daniel H Mathalon16,17, Naoyuki Katagiri18, Christine I Hooker19, Lukasz Smigielski20,21, Tiziano Colibazzi22,23, Esther Via24,25, Jinsong Tang26,27, Shinsuke Koike28,29, Paul E Rasser30,31, Chantal Michel32, Irina Lebedeva33, Wenche Ten Velden Hegelstad34,35, Camilo de la Fuente-Sandoval36, James A Waltz37, Romina Mizrahi38,39, Cheryl M Corcoran40,41, Franz Resch42, Christian K Tamnes43,44,45, Shalaila S Haas40, Imke L J Lemmers-Jansen46, Ingrid Agartz43,44,47, Paul Allen48,49, G Paul Amminger2,3, Ole A Andreassen44, Kimberley Atkinson50, Peter Bachman1, Inmaculada Baeza14, Helen Baldwin49,51, Cali F Bartholomeusz2,3, Stefan Borgwardt52,53, Sabrina Catalano1, Michael W L Chee6, Xiaogang Chen54,55, Kang Ik K Cho56, Rebecca E Cooper57, Vanessa L Cropley57,58, Montserrat Dolz24,25, Bjørn H Ebdrup59,60, Adriana Fortea61, Louise Birkedal Glenthøj5, Birte Y Glenthøj59,60, Lieuwe de Haan62,63, Holly K Hamilton16,17, Mathew A Harris50, Kristen M Haut19, Ying He54, Karsten Heekeren21,64, Andreas Heinz65, Daniela Hubl66, Wu Jeong Hwang15, Michael Kaess32,67, Kiyoto Kasai29,68,69, Minah Kim70,71, Jochen Kindler32, Mallory J Klaunig72, Alex Koppel73, Tina D Kristensen5,59, Jun Soo Kwon70,71, Stephen M Lawrie50, Jimmy Lee74,75, Pablo León-Ortiz36, Ashleigh Lin76, Rachel L Loewy16, Xiaoqian Ma54, Patrick McGorry2,3, Philip McGuire49, Masafumi Mizuno18, Paul Møller77, Tomas Moncada-Habib36, Daniel Muñoz-Samons24,25, Barnaby Nelson2,3, Takahiro Nemoto18, Merete Nordentoft5, Maria A Omelchenko33, Ketil Oppedal78, Lijun Ouyang54,55,79, Christos Pantelis57,58,80, Jose C Pariente81, Jayachandra M Raghava59,82, Francisco Reyes-Madrigal36, Brian J Roach16,17, Jan I Røssberg44, Wulf Rössler21,65, Dean F Salisbury1, Daiki Sasabayashi12,13, Ulrich Schall30,83, Jason Schiffman72,84, Florian Schlagenhauf65, Andre Schmidt52, Mikkel E Sørensen59, Michio Suzuki12,13, Anastasia Theodoridou21, Alexander S Tomyshev33, Jordina Tor24,25, Tor G Værnes44,85, Dennis Velakoulis57,86, Gloria D Venegoni50,87, Sophia Vinogradov88, Christina Wenneberg5, Lars T Westlye44,89, Hidenori Yamasue90, Liu Yuan54,55,79, Alison R Yung2,3,91, Thérèse A M J van Amelsvoort87, Jessica A Turner92, Theo G M van Erp93,94, Paul M Thompson95, Dennis Hernaus87. 1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. 2. Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. 3. Orygen, Melbourne, Australia. 4. School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom. 5. Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. 6. Center for Sleep and Cognition, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore. 7. Center for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore. 8. Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. 9. EPIC Lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, United Kingdom. 10. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany. 11. Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. 12. Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan. 13. Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan. 14. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, 2017SGR-881, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. 15. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 16. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco. 17. San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California. 18. Department of Neuropsychiatry, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. 19. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois. 20. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. 21. Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. 22. Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York. 23. New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York. 24. Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain. 25. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain. 26. Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. 27. Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China. 28. Center for Evolutionary Cognitive Sciences, Graduate School of Art and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. 29. The University of Tokyo Institute for Diversity and Adaptation of Human Mind, Tokyo, Japan. 30. Priority Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia. 31. Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia. 32. University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. 33. Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia. 34. Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway. 35. TIPS Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway. 36. Laboratory of Experimental Psychiatry, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico. 37. Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore. 38. Douglas Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. 39. McGill University, Department of Psychiatry, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. 40. Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. 41. Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), James J. Peters VA Medical Center, New York, New York. 42. Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. 43. Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway. 44. NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. 45. PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. 46. Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. 47. Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. 48. Department of Psychology, University of Roehampton, London, United Kingdom. 49. Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom. 50. Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. 51. NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, United Kingdom. 52. Department of Psychiatry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. 53. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany. 54. National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China. 55. National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. 56. Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. 57. Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia. 58. Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia. 59. Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark. 60. Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. 61. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació Clínic Recerca Biomèdica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. 62. Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. 63. Arkin, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. 64. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy I, LVR-Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany. 65. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany. 66. Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. 67. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Center of Psychosocial Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. 68. Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. 69. The International Research Center for Neurointelligence at The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. 70. Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 71. Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 72. Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore. 73. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 74. Department of Psychosis, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore. 75. Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. 76. Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. 77. Department for Mental Health Research and Development, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Lier, Norway. 78. Stavanger Medical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway. 79. Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, China. 80. Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. 81. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Core Facility, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain. 82. Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Functional Imaging Unit, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark. 83. Priority Research Centre Grow Up Well, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia. 84. Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine. 85. Early Intervention in Psychosis Advisory Unit for South-East Norway, TIPS Sør-Øst, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. 86. Neuropsychiatry, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia. 87. Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands. 88. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis. 89. Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. 90. Department of Psychiatry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu City, Japan. 91. School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom. 92. Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta. 93. Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Irvine, California. 94. Clinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine. 95. Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
Abstract
Importance: The ENIGMA clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis initiative, the largest pooled neuroimaging sample of individuals at CHR to date, aims to discover robust neurobiological markers of psychosis risk. Objective: To investigate baseline structural neuroimaging differences between individuals at CHR and healthy controls as well as between participants at CHR who later developed a psychotic disorder (CHR-PS+) and those who did not (CHR-PS-). Design, Setting, and Participants: In this case-control study, baseline T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were pooled from 31 international sites participating in the ENIGMA Clinical High Risk for Psychosis Working Group. CHR status was assessed using the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States or Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes. MRI scans were processed using harmonized protocols and analyzed within a mega-analysis and meta-analysis framework from January to October 2020. Main Outcomes and Measures: Measures of regional cortical thickness (CT), surface area, and subcortical volumes were extracted from T1-weighted MRI scans. Independent variables were group (CHR group vs control group) and conversion status (CHR-PS+ group vs CHR-PS- group vs control group). Results: Of the 3169 included participants, 1428 (45.1%) were female, and the mean (SD; range) age was 21.1 (4.9; 9.5-39.9) years. This study included 1792 individuals at CHR and 1377 healthy controls. Using longitudinal clinical information, 253 in the CHR-PS+ group, 1234 in the CHR-PS- group, and 305 at CHR without follow-up data were identified. Compared with healthy controls, individuals at CHR exhibited widespread lower CT measures (mean [range] Cohen d = -0.13 [-0.17 to -0.09]), but not surface area or subcortical volume. Lower CT measures in the fusiform, superior temporal, and paracentral regions were associated with psychosis conversion (mean Cohen d = -0.22; 95% CI, -0.35 to 0.10). Among healthy controls, compared with those in the CHR-PS+ group, age showed a stronger negative association with left fusiform CT measures (F = 9.8; P < .001; q < .001) and left paracentral CT measures (F = 5.9; P = .005; q = .02). Effect sizes representing lower CT associated with psychosis conversion resembled patterns of CT differences observed in ENIGMA studies of schizophrenia (ρ = 0.35; 95% CI, 0.12 to 0.55; P = .004) and individuals with 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome and a psychotic disorder diagnosis (ρ = 0.43; 95% CI, 0.20 to 0.61; P = .001). Conclusions and Relevance: This study provides evidence for widespread subtle, lower CT measures in individuals at CHR. The pattern of CT measure differences in those in the CHR-PS+ group was similar to those reported in other large-scale investigations of psychosis. Additionally, a subset of these regions displayed abnormal age associations. Widespread disruptions in CT coupled with abnormal age associations in those at CHR may point to disruptions in postnatal brain developmental processes.
Importance: The ENIGMA clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis initiative, the largest pooled neuroimaging sample of individuals at CHR to date, aims to discover robust neurobiological markers of psychosis risk. Objective: To investigate baseline structural neuroimaging differences between individuals at CHR and healthy controls as well as between participants at CHR who later developed a psychotic disorder (CHR-PS+) and those who did not (CHR-PS-). Design, Setting, and Participants: In this case-control study, baseline T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were pooled from 31 international sites participating in the ENIGMA Clinical High Risk for Psychosis Working Group. CHR status was assessed using the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States or Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes. MRI scans were processed using harmonized protocols and analyzed within a mega-analysis and meta-analysis framework from January to October 2020. Main Outcomes and Measures: Measures of regional cortical thickness (CT), surface area, and subcortical volumes were extracted from T1-weighted MRI scans. Independent variables were group (CHR group vs control group) and conversion status (CHR-PS+ group vs CHR-PS- group vs control group). Results: Of the 3169 included participants, 1428 (45.1%) were female, and the mean (SD; range) age was 21.1 (4.9; 9.5-39.9) years. This study included 1792 individuals at CHR and 1377 healthy controls. Using longitudinal clinical information, 253 in the CHR-PS+ group, 1234 in the CHR-PS- group, and 305 at CHR without follow-up data were identified. Compared with healthy controls, individuals at CHR exhibited widespread lower CT measures (mean [range] Cohen d = -0.13 [-0.17 to -0.09]), but not surface area or subcortical volume. Lower CT measures in the fusiform, superior temporal, and paracentral regions were associated with psychosis conversion (mean Cohen d = -0.22; 95% CI, -0.35 to 0.10). Among healthy controls, compared with those in the CHR-PS+ group, age showed a stronger negative association with left fusiform CT measures (F = 9.8; P < .001; q < .001) and left paracentral CT measures (F = 5.9; P = .005; q = .02). Effect sizes representing lower CT associated with psychosis conversion resembled patterns of CT differences observed in ENIGMA studies of schizophrenia (ρ = 0.35; 95% CI, 0.12 to 0.55; P = .004) and individuals with 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome and a psychotic disorder diagnosis (ρ = 0.43; 95% CI, 0.20 to 0.61; P = .001). Conclusions and Relevance: This study provides evidence for widespread subtle, lower CT measures in individuals at CHR. The pattern of CT measure differences in those in the CHR-PS+ group was similar to those reported in other large-scale investigations of psychosis. Additionally, a subset of these regions displayed abnormal age associations. Widespread disruptions in CT coupled with abnormal age associations in those at CHR may point to disruptions in postnatal brain developmental processes.
Authors: Susan S Kuo; David R Roalf; Konasale M Prasad; Christie W Musket; Petra E Rupert; Joel Wood; Ruben C Gur; Laura Almasy; Raquel E Gur; Vishwajit L Nimgaonkar; Michael F Pogue-Geile Journal: J Psychopathol Clin Sci Date: 2022-06-23
Authors: Eun-Jin Cheon; Carrie E Bearden; Daqiang Sun; Christopher R K Ching; Ole A Andreassen; Lianne Schmaal; Dick J Veltman; Sophia I Thomopoulos; Peter Kochunov; Neda Jahanshad; Paul M Thompson; Jessica A Turner; Theo G M van Erp Journal: Psychiatry Clin Neurosci Date: 2022-02-26 Impact factor: 12.145
Authors: Tineke Grent-'t-Jong; Ruchika Gajwani; Joachim Gross; Andrew I Gumley; Stephen M Lawrie; Matthias Schwannauer; Frauke Schultze-Lutter; Stephen R Williams; Peter J Uhlhaas Journal: Front Psychiatry Date: 2022-03-29 Impact factor: 4.157
Authors: Matthias Kirschner; Benazir Hodzic-Santor; Mathilde Antoniades; Igor Nenadic; Tilo Kircher; Axel Krug; Tina Meller; Dominik Grotegerd; Alex Fornito; Aurina Arnatkeviciute; Mark A Bellgrove; Jeggan Tiego; Udo Dannlowski; Katharina Koch; Carina Hülsmann; Harald Kugel; Verena Enneking; Melissa Klug; Elisabeth J Leehr; Joscha Böhnlein; Marius Gruber; David Mehler; Pamela DeRosse; Ashley Moyett; Bernhard T Baune; Melissa Green; Yann Quidé; Christos Pantelis; Raymond Chan; Yi Wang; Ulrich Ettinger; Martin Debbané; Melodie Derome; Christian Gaser; Bianca Besteher; Kelly Diederen; Tom J Spencer; Paul Fletcher; Wulf Rössler; Lukasz Smigielski; Veena Kumari; Preethi Premkumar; Haeme R P Park; Kristina Wiebels; Imke Lemmers-Jansen; James Gilleen; Paul Allen; Petya Kozhuharova; Jan-Bernard Marsman; Irina Lebedeva; Alexander Tomyshev; Anna Mukhorina; Stefan Kaiser; Anne-Kathrin Fett; Iris Sommer; Sanne Schuite-Koops; Casey Paquola; Sara Larivière; Boris Bernhardt; Alain Dagher; Phillip Grant; Theo G M van Erp; Jessica A Turner; Paul M Thompson; André Aleman; Gemma Modinos Journal: Mol Psychiatry Date: 2021-10-27 Impact factor: 13.437
Authors: Helen Baldwin; Joaquim Radua; Mathilde Antoniades; Shalaila S Haas; Sophia Frangou; Ingrid Agartz; Paul Allen; Ole A Andreassen; Kimberley Atkinson; Peter Bachman; Inmaculada Baeza; Cali F Bartholomeusz; Michael W L Chee; Tiziano Colibazzi; Rebecca E Cooper; Cheryl M Corcoran; Vanessa L Cropley; Bjørn H Ebdrup; Adriana Fortea; Louise Birkedal Glenthøj; Holly K Hamilton; Kristen M Haut; Rebecca A Hayes; Ying He; Karsten Heekeren; Michael Kaess; Kiyoto Kasai; Naoyuki Katagiri; Minah Kim; Jochen Kindler; Mallory J Klaunig; Shinsuke Koike; Alex Koppel; Tina D Kristensen; Yoo Bin Kwak; Jun Soo Kwon; Stephen M Lawrie; Irina Lebedeva; Jimmy Lee; Ashleigh Lin; Rachel L Loewy; Daniel H Mathalon; Chantal Michel; Romina Mizrahi; Paul Møller; Barnaby Nelson; Takahiro Nemoto; Dorte Nordholm; Maria A Omelchenko; Christos Pantelis; Jayachandra M Raghava; Jan I Røssberg; Wulf Rössler; Dean F Salisbury; Daiki Sasabayashi; Ulrich Schall; Lukasz Smigielski; Gisela Sugranyes; Michio Suzuki; Tsutomu Takahashi; Christian K Tamnes; Jinsong Tang; Anastasia Theodoridou; Sophia I Thomopoulos; Alexander S Tomyshev; Peter J Uhlhaas; Tor G Værnes; Therese A M J van Amelsvoort; Theo G M Van Erp; James A Waltz; Lars T Westlye; Stephen J Wood; Juan H Zhou; Philip McGuire; Paul M Thompson; Maria Jalbrzikowski; Dennis Hernaus; Paolo Fusar-Poli Journal: Transl Psychiatry Date: 2022-07-26 Impact factor: 7.989