Emma Macdonald-Laurs1, Wirginia J Maixner1, Catherine A Bailey1, Sarah M Barton1, Simone A Mandelstam1, Joseph Yuan-Mou Yang1, Aaron E L Warren1, Michael J Kean1, Peter Francis1, Duncan MacGregor1, Colleen D'Arcy1, Jacquie A Wrennall1, Andrew Davidson1, Kate Pope1, Richard J Leventer1, Jeremy L Freeman1, Alison Wray1, Graeme D Jackson1, A Simon Harvey2. 1. From the Departments of Neurology (E.M.-L., C.A.B., S.M.B., R.J.L., J.L.F., A.S.H.), Neurosurgery (W.J.M., J.Y.-M.Y., A.E.L.W., A.W.), Medical Imaging (S.A.M., M.J.K., P.F.), Anatomical Pathology (D.M., C.D.), Psychology (J.A.W.), and Anaesthesia (A.D.), The Royal Children's Hospital; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (E.M.-L., W.J.M., S.M.B., S.A.M., J.Y.-M.Y., A.E.L.W., C.D., A.D., K.P., R.J.L., A.W., A.S.H.); University of Melbourne (E.M.-L., W.J.M, S.M.B., S.A.M., J.Y.-M.Y., A.E.L.W., M.J.K., C.D., A.D., R.J.L., A.S.H.); and Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (A.E.L.W., G.D.J., A.S.H.), Parkville, Victoria, Australia. 2. From the Departments of Neurology (E.M.-L., C.A.B., S.M.B., R.J.L., J.L.F., A.S.H.), Neurosurgery (W.J.M., J.Y.-M.Y., A.E.L.W., A.W.), Medical Imaging (S.A.M., M.J.K., P.F.), Anatomical Pathology (D.M., C.D.), Psychology (J.A.W.), and Anaesthesia (A.D.), The Royal Children's Hospital; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (E.M.-L., W.J.M., S.M.B., S.A.M., J.Y.-M.Y., A.E.L.W., C.D., A.D., K.P., R.J.L., A.W., A.S.H.); University of Melbourne (E.M.-L., W.J.M, S.M.B., S.A.M., J.Y.-M.Y., A.E.L.W., M.J.K., C.D., A.D., R.J.L., A.S.H.); and Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (A.E.L.W., G.D.J., A.S.H.), Parkville, Victoria, Australia. simon.harvey@rch.org.au.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether 1-stage, limited corticectomy controls seizures in patients with MRI-positive, bottom-of-sulcus dysplasia (BOSD). METHODS: We reviewed clinical, neuroimaging, electrocorticography (ECoG), operative, and histopathology findings in consecutively operated patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy and MRI-positive BOSD, all of whom underwent corticectomy guided by MRI and ECoG. RESULTS: Thirty-eight patients with a median age at surgery of 10.2 (interquartile range [IQR] 6.0-14.1) years were included. BOSDs involved eloquent cortex in 15 patients. Eighty-seven percent of patients had rhythmic spiking on preresection ECoG. Rhythmic spiking was present in 22 of 24 patients studied with combined depth and surface electrodes, being limited to the dysplastic sulcus in 7 and involving the dysplastic sulcus and gyral crown in 15. Sixty-eight percent of resections were limited to the dysplastic sulcus, leaving the gyral crown. Histopathology was focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) type IIb in 29 patients and FCDIIa in 9. Dysmorphic neurons were present in the bottom of the sulcus but not the top or the gyral crown in 17 of 22 patients. Six (16%) patients required reoperation for postoperative seizures and residual dysplasia; reoperation was not correlated with ECoG, neuroimaging, or histologic abnormalities in the gyral crown. At a median 6.3 (IQR 4.8-9.9) years of follow-up, 33 (87%) patients are seizure-free, 31 off antiseizure medication. CONCLUSION: BOSD can be safely and effectively resected with MRI and ECoG guidance, corticectomy potentially being limited to the dysplastic sulcus, without need for intracranial EEG monitoring and functional mapping. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class IV evidence that 1-stage, limited corticectomy for BOSD is safe and effective for control of seizures.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether 1-stage, limited corticectomy controls seizures in patients with MRI-positive, bottom-of-sulcus dysplasia (BOSD). METHODS: We reviewed clinical, neuroimaging, electrocorticography (ECoG), operative, and histopathology findings in consecutively operated patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy and MRI-positive BOSD, all of whom underwent corticectomy guided by MRI and ECoG. RESULTS: Thirty-eight patients with a median age at surgery of 10.2 (interquartile range [IQR] 6.0-14.1) years were included. BOSDs involved eloquent cortex in 15 patients. Eighty-seven percent of patients had rhythmic spiking on preresection ECoG. Rhythmic spiking was present in 22 of 24 patients studied with combined depth and surface electrodes, being limited to the dysplastic sulcus in 7 and involving the dysplastic sulcus and gyral crown in 15. Sixty-eight percent of resections were limited to the dysplastic sulcus, leaving the gyral crown. Histopathology was focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) type IIb in 29 patients and FCDIIa in 9. Dysmorphic neurons were present in the bottom of the sulcus but not the top or the gyral crown in 17 of 22 patients. Six (16%) patients required reoperation for postoperative seizures and residual dysplasia; reoperation was not correlated with ECoG, neuroimaging, or histologic abnormalities in the gyral crown. At a median 6.3 (IQR 4.8-9.9) years of follow-up, 33 (87%) patients are seizure-free, 31 off antiseizure medication. CONCLUSION: BOSD can be safely and effectively resected with MRI and ECoG guidance, corticectomy potentially being limited to the dysplastic sulcus, without need for intracranial EEG monitoring and functional mapping. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class IV evidence that 1-stage, limited corticectomy for BOSD is safe and effective for control of seizures.
Authors: Richard Beare; Bonnie Alexander; Aaron Warren; Michael Kean; Marc Seal; Alison Wray; Wirginia Maixner; Joseph Yuan-Mou Yang Journal: Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg Date: 2022-09-07 Impact factor: 3.421
Authors: Imad Najm; Dennis Lal; Mario Alonso Vanegas; Fernando Cendes; Iscia Lopes-Cendes; Andre Palmini; Eliseu Paglioli; Harvey B Sarnat; Christopher A Walsh; Samuel Wiebe; Eleonora Aronica; Stéphanie Baulac; Roland Coras; Katja Kobow; J Helen Cross; Rita Garbelli; Hans Holthausen; Karl Rössler; Maria Thom; Assam El-Osta; Jeong Ho Lee; Hajime Miyata; Renzo Guerrini; Yue-Shan Piao; Dong Zhou; Ingmar Blümcke Journal: Epilepsia Date: 2022-06-15 Impact factor: 6.740