Eduardo Deves1,2, Rodrigo Novotny1,2, Fernando Hartmann Barazzetti3, Mara Cristina Scheffer3, Letícia Kramer Pacheco3, Adriana Fontes Zimmermann4, Ivânio Alves Pereira4, Maria Luiza Bazzo3, Fabricio Souza Neves5,6,7. 1. Urology Service, University Hospital Prof. Polydoro Ernani de São Thiago HU/EBSERH, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil. 2. Graduate Program in Medical Sciences (PPGCM), Health Sciences Center (CCS), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil. 3. Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Microbiology and Serology, Health Sciences Center (CCS), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil. 4. Rheumatology Unit, University Hospital Prof. Polydoro Ernani de São Thiago HU/EBSERH, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil. 5. Graduate Program in Medical Sciences (PPGCM), Health Sciences Center (CCS), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil. fabricio.souza.neves@ufsc.br. 6. Internal Medicine Department, Health Sciences Center (CCS), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil. fabricio.souza.neves@ufsc.br. 7. Departamento de Clínica Médica, Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 3° andar, Rua Profa. Maria Flora Pausewang, Florianópolis, SC, 88036-800, Brazil. fabricio.souza.neves@ufsc.br.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Chronic prostatitis has been a common disease reported with high frequency in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) even from decades ago. Infectious (Chlamydia trachomatis) or non-infectious (uric acid) prostatitis can hypothetically trigger vertebral inflammation in AS. This study aimed to assess the features of chronic prostatitis in patients with AS compared to healthy controls. METHODS: A cross-sectional study including male patients with AS and healthy controls who agreed to undergo a prostate examination was conducted. Structured clinical interviews, prostate physical examinations, and cytological, biochemical, and microbiological tests on urinary samples collected before and after standardized prostatic massage (pre- and post-massage test) were performed. RESULTS: Ninety participants (45 AS patients, mean age: 52.5 ± 10.0 years, with longstanding disease, 12.4 ± 6.9 years, and 45 controls, mean age: 52.8 ± 12.1 years) were included. National Institutes of Health - Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) scores were similar in the AS and control groups (4.0 [1.0-12.0] vs. 5.0 [1.0-8.5], p = 0.994). The frequencies of symptoms of chronic prostatitis (NIH-CPSI Pain Domain ≥4) were also similar in both groups (23.3% vs. 22.7%, p = 0.953). Results of polymerase chain reaction tests for Chlamydia trachomatis were negative in all tested urinary samples, and uric acid concentrations and leukocyte counts were similar in all pre- and post-massage urinary samples. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, chronic prostatitis occurred in male patients with AS, but its frequency and characteristics did not differ from those found in the healthy male population of similar age.
BACKGROUND: Chronic prostatitis has been a common disease reported with high frequency in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) even from decades ago. Infectious (Chlamydia trachomatis) or non-infectious (uric acid) prostatitis can hypothetically trigger vertebral inflammation in AS. This study aimed to assess the features of chronic prostatitis in patients with AS compared to healthy controls. METHODS: A cross-sectional study including male patients with AS and healthy controls who agreed to undergo a prostate examination was conducted. Structured clinical interviews, prostate physical examinations, and cytological, biochemical, and microbiological tests on urinary samples collected before and after standardized prostatic massage (pre- and post-massage test) were performed. RESULTS: Ninety participants (45 AS patients, mean age: 52.5 ± 10.0 years, with longstanding disease, 12.4 ± 6.9 years, and 45 controls, mean age: 52.8 ± 12.1 years) were included. National Institutes of Health - Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) scores were similar in the AS and control groups (4.0 [1.0-12.0] vs. 5.0 [1.0-8.5], p = 0.994). The frequencies of symptoms of chronic prostatitis (NIH-CPSI Pain Domain ≥4) were also similar in both groups (23.3% vs. 22.7%, p = 0.953). Results of polymerase chain reaction tests for Chlamydia trachomatis were negative in all tested urinary samples, and uric acid concentrations and leukocyte counts were similar in all pre- and post-massage urinary samples. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, chronic prostatitis occurred in male patients with AS, but its frequency and characteristics did not differ from those found in the healthy male population of similar age.
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