Emidio Scarpellini1, Karen Van den Houte1, Jolien Schol1, I-Hsuan Huang1, Ester Colomier1,2, Florencia Carbone1,2, Jan Tack1. 1. Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Diseases (TARGID), Department of Chronic diseases and Metabolism, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. 2. Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a prevalent condition with multifactorial pathophysiology, including impaired gastric accommodation (GA), hypersensitivity to gastric distention, and delayed gastric emptying. Drink tests (DT) have been proposed as a potential biomarker for the presence and severity of gastric sensorimotor dysfunction. Thus, we aimed to summarize the state of knowledge on different DT and their potential as a biomarker for FD. METHODS: A PubMed and MEDLINE search was conducted for English language articles, reviews, meta-analyses, case series, and randomized controlled trials, including also published meeting abstracts. RESULTS: Several DT have been described in literature (e.g., different type of liquid, number of calories used, pace of drinking, and subject's awareness of the amount of liquid drunk). FD patients ingest significantly less volume in the different variants of the tests. The slow nutrient ("satiety drinking") test (SDT) studies show the most consistent separation between health and FD and correlation with GA. However, sensitivity to distention may be correlated with rapid DT. SDTs were used to evaluate the effect of several pharmacological agents, often showing concordance between their effects on GA and tolerated nutrient volume. This correlation was not found mainly for agents with central actions. DISCUSSION: An SDT is a potential diagnostic biomarker in FD, reflecting GA. Additional studies are required to confirm its role as a predictive biomarker for treatment outcome in FD.
INTRODUCTION: Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a prevalent condition with multifactorial pathophysiology, including impaired gastric accommodation (GA), hypersensitivity to gastric distention, and delayed gastric emptying. Drink tests (DT) have been proposed as a potential biomarker for the presence and severity of gastric sensorimotor dysfunction. Thus, we aimed to summarize the state of knowledge on different DT and their potential as a biomarker for FD. METHODS: A PubMed and MEDLINE search was conducted for English language articles, reviews, meta-analyses, case series, and randomized controlled trials, including also published meeting abstracts. RESULTS: Several DT have been described in literature (e.g., different type of liquid, number of calories used, pace of drinking, and subject's awareness of the amount of liquid drunk). FDpatients ingest significantly less volume in the different variants of the tests. The slow nutrient ("satiety drinking") test (SDT) studies show the most consistent separation between health and FD and correlation with GA. However, sensitivity to distention may be correlated with rapid DT. SDTs were used to evaluate the effect of several pharmacological agents, often showing concordance between their effects on GA and tolerated nutrient volume. This correlation was not found mainly for agents with central actions. DISCUSSION: An SDT is a potential diagnostic biomarker in FD, reflecting GA. Additional studies are required to confirm its role as a predictive biomarker for treatment outcome in FD.
Authors: Christopher J Black; Peter A Paine; Anurag Agrawal; Imran Aziz; Maria P Eugenicos; Lesley A Houghton; Pali Hungin; Ross Overshott; Dipesh H Vasant; Sheryl Rudd; Richard C Winning; Maura Corsetti; Alexander C Ford Journal: Gut Date: 2022-07-07 Impact factor: 31.793