Pasquale Loiudice1, Marco Pellegrini2, Michele Marinò3, Barbara Mazzi3, Ilaria Ionni3, Giuseppe Covello4, Michele Figus4, Marco Nardi4, Giamberto Casini4. 1. Department of Surgical, Ophthalmology Unit, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, Via Savi, 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy. ldcpasquale@gmail.com. 2. Ophthalmology Unit, S.Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. 3. Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Unit I, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. 4. Department of Surgical, Ophthalmology Unit, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, Via Savi, 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hemodynamic changes have been observed in patients with Graves' disease. The aim of our study was to evaluate choroidal vascular change using the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO). METHODS: In this cross-sectional observational study, 40 patients affected by TAO were recruited. Forty healthy individuals, matched for age and sex, served as controls. Foveal enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography scans were obtained from all participants. Images were binarized using the ImageJ software and luminal area (LA) and total choroidal area (TCA) were measured. CVI was calculated as the proportion of LA to TCA. The relation between CVI or subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and clinical activity score, exophthalmometric value, diplopia status, gender, and age was evaluated. RESULTS: CVI was significantly higher in patients with TAO (P = 0.004). No significant difference was observed in SFCT (P = 0.200) and TCA (P = 0.153) comparing TAO patients and healthy controls. LA was significantly higher in TAO group (P = 0.045). On multiple regression analysis, CVI was associated with TCA (P = 0.043). No association was found between SFCT or CVI and TCA, clinical activity score, exophthalmometric value, Inami value, diplopia status, gender or age (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study that has demonstrated an increase in CVI in eyes with TAO compared with healthy controls and has assessed its association with clinical features.
BACKGROUND: Hemodynamic changes have been observed in patients with Graves' disease. The aim of our study was to evaluate choroidal vascular change using the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO). METHODS: In this cross-sectional observational study, 40 patients affected by TAO were recruited. Forty healthy individuals, matched for age and sex, served as controls. Foveal enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography scans were obtained from all participants. Images were binarized using the ImageJ software and luminal area (LA) and total choroidal area (TCA) were measured. CVI was calculated as the proportion of LA to TCA. The relation between CVI or subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and clinical activity score, exophthalmometric value, diplopia status, gender, and age was evaluated. RESULTS: CVI was significantly higher in patients with TAO (P = 0.004). No significant difference was observed in SFCT (P = 0.200) and TCA (P = 0.153) comparing TAO patients and healthy controls. LA was significantly higher in TAO group (P = 0.045). On multiple regression analysis, CVI was associated with TCA (P = 0.043). No association was found between SFCT or CVI and TCA, clinical activity score, exophthalmometric value, Inami value, diplopia status, gender or age (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study that has demonstrated an increase in CVI in eyes with TAO compared with healthy controls and has assessed its association with clinical features.