Inês Francisco1, Francisco Caramelo2, Maria Helena Fernandes3,4, Francisco Vale1. 1. Institute of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal. 2. Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Research of Coimbra (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal. 3. Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal. 4. LAQV/REQUIMTE, University of Porto, 4160-007 Porto, Portugal.
Abstract
(1) Background: The etiology of orofacial cleft (OC) is not completely known but several genetic and environmental risk factors have been identified. Moreover, a knowledge gap still persists regarding neonatal characteristics. This study evaluated the effect of parental age and mothers' body mass index on the risk of having an OC child, in a matched year and sex group (cleft/healthy control). Additionally, birth data were analyzed between groups. (2) Methods: 266 individuals born between 1995 to 2015 were evaluated: 133 OC individuals (85 males/48 females) and 133 control (85 males/48 females). A logistic model was used for the independent variables. ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for comparison between the OC phenotypes. (3) Results: Regarding statistically significant parental related factors, the probability of having a cleft child decreases for each maternal year increase (odds ratio = 0.903) and increases for each body mass index unit (kg/m2) increase (odds ratio = 1.14). On the child data birth, for each mass unit (kg) increase, the probability of having a cleft child decrease (odds ratio = 0.435). (4) Conclusions: In this study, only maternal body mass index and maternal age found statistical differences in the risk of having a cleft child. In the children's initial data, the cleft group found a higher risk of having a lower birth weight but no relation was found regarding length and head circumference.
(1) Background: The etiology of orofacial cleft (OC) is not completely known but several genetic and environmental risk factors have been identified. Moreover, a knowledge gap still persists regarding neonatal characteristics. This study evaluated the effect of parental age and mothers' body mass index on the risk of having an OCchild, in a matched year and sex group (cleft/healthy control). Additionally, birth data were analyzed between groups. (2) Methods: 266 individuals born between 1995 to 2015 were evaluated: 133 OC individuals (85 males/48 females) and 133 control (85 males/48 females). A logistic model was used for the independent variables. ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for comparison between the OC phenotypes. (3) Results: Regarding statistically significant parental related factors, the probability of having a cleft child decreases for each maternal year increase (odds ratio = 0.903) and increases for each body mass index unit (kg/m2) increase (odds ratio = 1.14). On the child data birth, for each mass unit (kg) increase, the probability of having a cleft child decrease (odds ratio = 0.435). (4) Conclusions: In this study, only maternal body mass index and maternal age found statistical differences in the risk of having a cleft child. In the children's initial data, the cleft group found a higher risk of having a lower birth weight but no relation was found regarding length and head circumference.
Entities:
Keywords:
body mass index; child birth data; cleft lip; cleft palate; environmental risk factors; parental age
Authors: Hebah Kutbi; George L Wehby; Lina M Moreno Uribe; Paul A Romitti; Suzan Carmichael; Gary M Shaw; Andrew F Olshan; Lisa DeRoo; Sonja A Rasmussen; Jeffrey C Murray; Allen Wilcox; Rolv T Lie; Ronald G Munger Journal: Int J Epidemiol Date: 2017-02-01 Impact factor: 7.196
Authors: Sonja Lux; Matthias Mayr; Michael Schwaiger; Sarah-Jayne Edmondson; Christoph Steiner; Peter Schachner; Alexander Gaggl Journal: J Clin Med Date: 2022-05-23 Impact factor: 4.964
Authors: Inês Francisco; Francisco Caramelo; Maria Helena Fernandes; Francisco Vale Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-12-05 Impact factor: 3.390