[Expert consensus on prevention and treatment of amblyopia in children].

Amblyopia is caused by vision deprivation and/or abnormal binocular interaction during visual immaturity. According to different etiologies, it is divided into strabismic, ametropic, anisometropic and visual deprivation amblyopia. The key to the treatment of amblyopia is early screening and timely intervention. The managements include eliminating the factors of visual deprivation, optical correction, patching and penalization. Following the publication of the Expert Consensus on Diagnosis of Amblyopia in 2011, the Chinese Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus organized experts in this field again to discuss and formulate the Expert Consensus on Prevention and Treatment of Amblyopia in Children based on the research results of evidence-based medicine. The purpose is to provide clinical guidance of the diagnosis and treatment of amblyopia for ophthalmologists and to improve clinical service. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2021, 57: 336-340).