| Literature DB >> 33911318 |
José Pacheco-Romero1, Oscar Acosta2, Doris Huerta1, Santiago Cabrera1, Marlene Vargas1, Pedro Mascaro1, Moisés Huamán1, José Sandoval1, Rudy López1, Julio Mateus1,3, Enrique Gil1, Enrique Guevara1, Nitza Butrica1, Diana Catari1, David Bellido1, Gina Custodio1, Andrea Naranjo1.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia is a multiorgan disorder associated with maternal and perinatal morbi-mortality. In Peru, incidence is 10% and accounts for 22% of maternal deaths. Genome and genetic epidemiological studies have found an association between preeclampsia and genetic polymorphisms.Entities:
Keywords: Peru; Pregnant women; genetic; genetic polymorphisms.; genetics; interleukine-6; polymorphism; preeclampsia; vascular endothelial growth factor
Mesh:
Substances:
Year: 2021 PMID: 33911318 PMCID: PMC8054708 DOI: 10.25100/cm.v52i1.4437
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Colomb Med (Cali) ISSN: 0120-8322
Number of preeclamptic women and controls included in the study.
| Gene | Polymorphism | Preeclampsia | Control | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VEGF | +936 C/T | 45 | 49 | 94 |
| +405 G/C | 39 | 45 | 84 | |
| IL-6 | -174 G/C | 20 | 39 | 59 |
| IL1β | -511 C/T | 49 | 50 | 99 |
| Apo A-1 | -75 G/A | 47 | 45 | 92 |
| Apo B-100 | 2 488 C/T (Xbal) | 47 | 45 | 92 |
Figure 1Determination of the genotypes of the -174 G/C polymorphism in IL6 gene. Left: Agarose gels with homozygous GG (140 and 58 bp) and heterozygous GC (198, 140 and 58 bp) genotypes as determined by PCR-RFLP with SfaNI as the restriction enzyme . Right: Chromatograms obtained by automated Sanger sequencing confirming the GG and CC genotypes (marked with arrows).
Genetic variants in Peruvian pregnant women with preeclampsia and controls.
| Gene | Genotypes and alleles | Preeclampsia | Controls | OR | 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | |||||
| VEGF +936 C/T | CC | 19 (42.2) | 19 (38.8) | Reference | 0.062 | |
| CT | 12 (26.7) | 23 (46.9) | 0.523 | 0.203-1.341 | ||
| TT | 14 (31.1) | 7 (14.3) | 2.000 | 0.661-6.056 | ||
| C | 50 (55.6) | 61 (62.2) | Reference | 0.434 | ||
| T | 40 (44.4) | 37 (37.8) | 1.319 | 0.736-2.362 | ||
| GG | 7 (17.0) | 15 (33.3) | Reference | 0.256 | ||
| +405 G/C | GC | 27 (69.2) | 24 (53.4) | 2.411 | 0.842-6.904 | |
| CC | 5 (12.8) | 6 (13.3) | 1.786 | 0.403-7.906 | ||
| G | 41 (52.6) | 54 (60.0) | Reference | 0.356 | ||
| C | 37 (47.4) | 36 (40.0) | 1.354 | 0.734-2.498 | ||
| CC | 4 (20.0) | 13 (33.3) | Reference | 0.004 | ||
| CG | 7 (35.0) | 23 (59.0) | 0.989 | 0.243-4.028 | ||
| IL6 -174 G/C | GG | 9 (45.0) | 3 (7.7) | 9.750 | 1.744- 54.525 | |
| C | 15 (37.5) | 49 (62.8) | Reference | 0.011 | ||
| G | 25 (62.5) | 29 (37.2) | 2.816 | 1.281-6.191 | ||
| CC | 30 (61.2) | 29 (58.0) | Reference | 0.946 | ||
| CT | 18 (36.7) | 20 (40.0) | 0.870 | 0.385-1.968 | ||
| IL1B -511 C/T | TT | 1 (2.1) | 1 (2.0) | 0.967 | 0.058-16.192 | |
| C | 78 (79.6) | 78 (78.0) | Reference | 0.863 | ||
| T | 20 (20.4) | 22 (22.0) | 0.909 | 0.460-1.798 | ||
| GG | 13 (27.7) | 12 (26.7) | Reference | 0.832 | ||
| GA | 23 (48.9) | 20 (44.4) | 1.062 | 0.396-2.849 | ||
| APOA1 -75 G/A | AA | 11 (23.4) | 13 (28.9) | 0.781 | 0.254-2.400 | |
| G | 49 (52.1) | 44 (48.9) | Reference | 0.768 | ||
| A | 45 (47.9) | 46 (51.1) | 0.878 | 0.493-1.566 | ||
| X-X- (CC) | 28 (59.6) | 25 (55.6) | Reference | 0.676 | ||
| APOB100 | X- X+ (CT) | 12 (25.5) | 15 (33.3) | 0.714 | 0.282-1.813 | |
| 2488 C/T (XbaI) | X+X+ (TT) | 7 (14.9) | 5 (11.1) | 1.250 | 0.352-4.442 | |
| X- | 68 (72.3) | 65 (72.2) | Reference | 0.883 | ||
| X+ | 26 (27.7) | 25 (27.8) | 0.994 | 0.521-1.896 |
The genotype frequencies of the +936 C/T and +405 G/T variants of the VEGF gene and of the 2488 C/T (XbaI) polymorphism of the APOB100 gene in women with preeclampsia were in Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium. a According to chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test.
Número de mujeres preeclámpticas y controles incluidas en el estudio.
| Gen | Polimorfismo | Preeclampsia | Controles | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VEGF | +936 C/T | 45 | 49 | 94 |
| +405 G/C | 39 | 45 | 84 | |
| IL-6 | -174 G/C | 20 | 39 | 59 |
| IL1β | -511 C/T | 49 | 50 | 99 |
| Apo A-1 | -75 G/A | 47 | 45 | 92 |
| Apo B-100 | 2 488 C/T (Xbal) | 47 | 45 | 92 |
Figura 1Determinación de los genotipos del polimorfismo -174 G/C en el gen IL6. Izquierda: geles de agarosa con genotipos homocigotos GG (140 y 58 bp) y heterocigotos GC (198, 140 y 58 bp) determinados por PCR-RFLP con SfaNI como enzima de restricción . Derecha: cromatogramas obtenidos por secuenciamiento automático de Sanger que confirman los genotipos GG y CC (marcados con flechas).
Variantes genéticas en gestantes peruanas con preeclampsia y controles.
| Gen | Genotipos y alelos | Preeclampsia | Controles | OR | 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | |||||
| VEGF +936 C/T | CC | 19 (42.2) | 19 (38.8) | Reference | 0.062 | |
| CT | 12 (26.7) | 23 (46.9) | 0.523 | 0.203-1.341 | ||
| TT | 14 (31.1) | 7 (14.3) | 2.000 | 0.661-6.056 | ||
| C | 50 (55.6) | 61 (62.2) | Reference | 0.434 | ||
| T | 40 (44.4) | 37 (37.8) | 1.319 | 0.736-2.362 | ||
| GG | 7 (17.0) | 15 (33.3) | Reference | 0.256 | ||
| +405 G/C | GC | 27 (69.2) | 24 (53.4) | 2.411 | 0.842-6.904 | |
| CC | 5 (12.8) | 6 (13.3) | 1.786 | 0.403-7.906 | ||
| G | 41 (52.6) | 54 (60.0) | Reference | 0.356 | ||
| C | 37 (47.4) | 36 (40.0) | 1.354 | 0.734-2.498 | ||
| CC | 4 (20.0) | 13 (33.3) | Reference | 0.004 | ||
| CG | 7 (35.0) | 23 (59.0) | 0.989 | 0.243-4.028 | ||
| IL6 -174 G/C | GG | 9 (45.0) | 3 (7.7) | 9.750 | 1.744- 54.525 | |
| C | 15 (37.5) | 49 (62.8) | Reference | 0.011 | ||
| G | 25 (62.5) | 29 (37.2) | 2.816 | 1.281-6.191 | ||
| CC | 30 (61.2) | 29 (58.0) | Reference | 0.946 | ||
| CT | 18 (36.7) | 20 (40.0) | 0.870 | 0.385-1.968 | ||
| IL1B -511 C/T | TT | 1 (2.1) | 1 (2.0) | 0.967 | 0.058-16.192 | |
| C | 78 (79.6) | 78 (78.0) | Reference | 0.863 | ||
| T | 20 (20.4) | 22 (22.0) | 0.909 | 0.460-1.798 | ||
| GG | 13 (27.7) | 12 (26.7) | Reference | 0.832 | ||
| GA | 23 (48.9) | 20 (44.4) | 1.062 | 0.396-2.849 | ||
| APOA1 -75 G/A | AA | 11 (23.4) | 13 (28.9) | 0.781 | 0.254-2.400 | |
| G | 49 (52.1) | 44 (48.9) | Reference | 0.768 | ||
| A | 45 (47.9) | 46 (51.1) | 0.878 | 0.493-1.566 | ||
| X-X- (CC) | 28 (59.6) | 25 (55.6) | Reference | 0.676 | ||
| APOB100 | X- X+ (CT) | 12 (25.5) | 15 (33.3) | 0.714 | 0.282-1.813 | |
| 2488 C/T (XbaI) | X+X+ (TT) | 7 (14.9) | 5 (11.1) | 1.250 | 0.352-4.442 | |
| X- | 68 (72.3) | 65 (72.2) | Reference | 0.883 | ||
| X+ | 26 (27.7) | 25 (27.8) | 0.994 | 0.521-1.896 |
Las frecuencias genotípicas de las variantes +936 C/T y +405 G/T del gen VEGF y del polimorfismo 2488 C/T (XbaI) en el gen APOB100 en gestantes preeclámpticas se encontraron en desequilibrio de Hardy-Weinberg. a Según la prueba de Ji 2 o la prueba exacta de Fisher
| 1) Why was this study conducted? |
| Preeclampsia is a multiorgan disorder that is significantly associated with maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Preeclampsia is defined by the presence of new-onset hypertension and proteinuria in women who are at least 20 weeks pregnant. The etiology of preeclampsia remains unknown; its clinical presentation and dynamics vary, and no method can predict its occurrence. In Peru, preeclampsia incidence is greater than 10%, and it accounts for 22% of maternal deaths. Genome and genetic epidemiologial studies have found an association of preeclampsia and certain gene polymorphisms and variants. In this study, we evaluated the susceptibility gene polymorphisms related to endothelial function, angiogenesis, immunologic and inflammatory processes, and metabolic syndrome in Peruvian preeclamptic women. |
| 2) What were the most relevant results of the study? |
| No association was found between the studied genetic markers and preeclampsia. However, in the -174G/C polymorphism of the IL6 gene, significant differences mainly in the GG genotype and G allele were found, wherein the frequencies were higher in the cases than in the controls. |
| 3) What do these results contribute? |
| This study contributes to our knowledge of the genetic factors associated with preeclampsia, an emergent research topic in Peru. High genetic mixing and other factors may partially explain the conflicting findings for the Peruvian population. |
| 1) ¿Por qué se realizó este estudio? |
| La preeclampsia es un trastorno multiorgánico que se asocia de modo significativo con la morbimortalidad materna y perinatal. La preeclampsia se define como la presencia de hipertensión |
| 2) ¿Cuáles fueron los resultados más relevantes del estudio? |
| No se encontró asociación entre los marcadores genéticos estudiados y la preeclampsia. Sin embargo, en el polimorfismo -174G/C en el gen IL6, se hallaron diferencias significativas principalmente en el genotipo GG y el alelo G, en los que las frecuencias fueron mayores en los casos que en los controles. |
| 3¿Qué aportan estos resultados? |
| El presente estudio contribuye a nuestro conocimiento de los factores genéticos asociados a la preeclampsia, un tema de investigación emergente en el Perú. La ancestría genética y otros factores pueden explicar parcialmente los hallazgos para la población peruana. |