Susan Mikkelsen1, Khoa Manh Dinh1, Jens Kjaergaard Boldsen1,2, Ole Birger Pedersen3, Gitte Juel Holst4, Mikkel Steen Petersen1, Kathrine Agergård Kaspersen1,2, Bjarne Kuno Møller1, Kaspar Rene Nielsen5, Helene Martina Paarup6, Klaus Rostgaard7, Henrik Hjalgrim7, Erik Sørensen8, Linda Jenny Handgaard8, Thomas Folkmann Hansen9,10, Karina Banasik10, Kristoffer Sølvsten Burgdorf8, Henrik Ullum8,11, Torben Sigsgaard2,12, Christian Erikstrup1,2. 1. Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark. 2. Danish Big Data Centre for Environment and Health (BERTHA), Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark. 3. Department of Clinical Immunology, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark. 4. The Danish Clinical Quality Program-National Clinical Registries (RKKP), Central Denmark Region, Aarhus, Denmark. 5. Department of Clinical Immunology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark. 6. Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. 7. Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark. 8. Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. 9. Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark. 10. Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. 11. Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark. 12. Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Allergic rhinitis (AR), allergic conjunctivitis (AC), and asthma composing multiple phenotypes and improved understanding of these phenotypes and their respective risk factors are needed. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to define the prevalence of AR, AC, and asthma and their association with allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) sensitization in a large cohort of blood donors and identify risk factors. METHODS: From the nationwide population-based Danish Blood Donor Study, 52,976 participants completed an electronic questionnaire including AR, AC, asthma, allergic predisposition, and childhood residence. Of these, 25,257 were additionally tested for sIgE to inhalation allergens (Phadiatop). RESULTS: The prevalence of sIgE sensitization, AR, AC, and asthma was 30%, 19%, 15%, and 9%, respectively. The youngest birth cohorts had the highest prevalence of sIgE sensitization and symptoms of asthma, AR, and AC, and for asthma, they apparently experienced symptoms at an earlier age. The sIgE sensitization was positively associated with male sex. The sIgE seroprevalence was higher in participants with both AR and AC (ARC) than in participants with either AR or AC. Allergic predisposition and sIgE sensitization increased the risk of the diseases, while farm upbringing was associated with reduced prevalence of ARC, however, only in sIgE sensitized participants. CONCLUSION: Birth year, childhood residence, sIgE sensitization, and allergic predisposition were associated with asthma, AR, and AC prevalence. Individuals with self-reported ARC represent a primarily sIgE-positive phenotype, while those with either AR or AC represent more diverse phenotypes.
BACKGROUND:Allergic rhinitis (AR), allergic conjunctivitis (AC), and asthma composing multiple phenotypes and improved understanding of these phenotypes and their respective risk factors are needed. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to define the prevalence of AR, AC, and asthma and their association with allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) sensitization in a large cohort of blood donors and identify risk factors. METHODS: From the nationwide population-based Danish Blood Donor Study, 52,976 participants completed an electronic questionnaire including AR, AC, asthma, allergic predisposition, and childhood residence. Of these, 25,257 were additionally tested for sIgE to inhalation allergens (Phadiatop). RESULTS: The prevalence of sIgE sensitization, AR, AC, and asthma was 30%, 19%, 15%, and 9%, respectively. The youngest birth cohorts had the highest prevalence of sIgE sensitization and symptoms of asthma, AR, and AC, and for asthma, they apparently experienced symptoms at an earlier age. The sIgE sensitization was positively associated with male sex. The sIgE seroprevalence was higher in participants with both AR and AC (ARC) than in participants with either AR or AC. Allergic predisposition and sIgE sensitization increased the risk of the diseases, while farm upbringing was associated with reduced prevalence of ARC, however, only in sIgE sensitized participants. CONCLUSION: Birth year, childhood residence, sIgE sensitization, and allergic predisposition were associated with asthma, AR, and AC prevalence. Individuals with self-reported ARC represent a primarily sIgE-positive phenotype, while those with either AR or AC represent more diverse phenotypes.
Authors: Birgitte Hamann Laustsen; Øyvind Omland; Else Toft Würtz; Torben Sigsgaard; Niels E Ebbehøj; Ole Carstensen; Kurt Rasmussen; Sandip D Kamath; Andreas L Lopata; Jakob Hjort Bønløkke Journal: Front Allergy Date: 2021-10-08