BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer worldwide. Although many studies have focused on oncogene characteristics, the genomic landscape of Chinese HCC patients has not been fully clarified. METHODS: A total of 165 HCC patients, including 146 males and 19 females, were enrolled. The median age was 55 years (range, 27-78 years). Corresponding clinical and pathological information was collected for further analysis. A total of 168 tumor tissues from these patients were selected for next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based 450 panel gene sequencing. Genomic alterations including single nucleotide variations (SNV), short and long insertions and deletions (InDels), copy number variations, and gene rearrangements were analyzed. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) was measured by an algorithm developed in-house. The top quartile of HCC was classified as TMB high. RESULTS: A total of 1,004 genomic alterations were detected from 258 genes in 168 HCC tissues. TMB values were identified in 160 HCC specimens, with a median TMB of 5.4 Muts/Mb (range, 0-28.4 Muts/Mb) and a 75% TMB of 7.7 Muts/Mb. The most commonly mutated genes were TP53, TERT, CTNNB1, AXIN1, RB1, TSC2, CCND1, ARID1A, and FGF19. SNV was the most common mutation type and C:G>T:A and guanine transformation were the most common SNVs. Compared to wild-type patients, the proportion of Edmondson grade III-IV and microvascular invasion was significantly higher in TP53 mutated patients (P<0.05). The proportion of tumors invading the hepatic capsule was significantly higher in TERT mutated patients (P<0.05). The proportion of Edmondson grade I-II, alpha fetoprotein (AFP) <25 µmg/L, and those without a history of hepatitis B was significantly higher in CTNNB1 mutated patients (P<0.05). CTNNB1 mutations were associated with TMB high in HCC patients (P<0.05). Based on correlation analysis, the mutation of TP53 was independently correlated with microvascular invasion (P=0.002, OR =3.096) and Edmondson grade III-IV (P=0.008, OR =2.613). The mutation of TERT was independently correlated with tumor invasion of the liver capsule (P=0.001, OR =3.030), and the mutation of CTNNB1 was independently correlated with AFP (<25 µmg/L) (P=0.009, OR =3.414). CONCLUSIONS: The most frequently mutated genes of HCC patients in China were TP53, TERT, and CTNNB1, which mainly lead to the occurrence and development of HCC by regulating the P53 pathway, Wnt pathway, and telomere repair pathway. There were more patients with microvascular invasion and Edmondson III-IV grade in TP53 mutated patients and more patients with hepatic capsule invasion in TERT mutated patients, while in CTNNB1 mutated patients, there were more patients with Edmondson I-II grade, AFP <25 µmg/L, and a non-hepatitis B background. Also, the TMB values were significantly higher in CTNNB1 mutated patients than in wild type patients. 2021 Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition. All rights reserved.
BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer worldwide. Although many studies have focused on oncogene characteristics, the genomic landscape of Chinese HCC patients has not been fully clarified. METHODS: A total of 165 HCC patients, including 146 males and 19 females, were enrolled. The median age was 55 years (range, 27-78 years). Corresponding clinical and pathological information was collected for further analysis. A total of 168 tumor tissues from these patients were selected for next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based 450 panel gene sequencing. Genomic alterations including single nucleotide variations (SNV), short and long insertions and deletions (InDels), copy number variations, and gene rearrangements were analyzed. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) was measured by an algorithm developed in-house. The top quartile of HCC was classified as TMB high. RESULTS: A total of 1,004 genomic alterations were detected from 258 genes in 168 HCC tissues. TMB values were identified in 160 HCC specimens, with a median TMB of 5.4 Muts/Mb (range, 0-28.4 Muts/Mb) and a 75% TMB of 7.7 Muts/Mb. The most commonly mutated genes were TP53, TERT, CTNNB1, AXIN1, RB1, TSC2, CCND1, ARID1A, and FGF19. SNV was the most common mutation type and C:G>T:A and guanine transformation were the most common SNVs. Compared to wild-type patients, the proportion of Edmondson grade III-IV and microvascular invasion was significantly higher in TP53 mutated patients (P<0.05). The proportion of tumors invading the hepatic capsule was significantly higher in TERT mutated patients (P<0.05). The proportion of Edmondson grade I-II, alpha fetoprotein (AFP) <25 µmg/L, and those without a history of hepatitis B was significantly higher in CTNNB1 mutated patients (P<0.05). CTNNB1 mutations were associated with TMB high in HCC patients (P<0.05). Based on correlation analysis, the mutation of TP53 was independently correlated with microvascular invasion (P=0.002, OR =3.096) and Edmondson grade III-IV (P=0.008, OR =2.613). The mutation of TERT was independently correlated with tumor invasion of the liver capsule (P=0.001, OR =3.030), and the mutation of CTNNB1 was independently correlated with AFP (<25 µmg/L) (P=0.009, OR =3.414). CONCLUSIONS: The most frequently mutated genes of HCC patients in China were TP53, TERT, and CTNNB1, which mainly lead to the occurrence and development of HCC by regulating the P53 pathway, Wnt pathway, and telomere repair pathway. There were more patients with microvascular invasion and Edmondson III-IV grade in TP53 mutated patients and more patients with hepatic capsule invasion in TERT mutated patients, while in CTNNB1 mutated patients, there were more patients with Edmondson I-II grade, AFP <25 µmg/L, and a non-hepatitis B background. Also, the TMB values were significantly higher in CTNNB1 mutated patients than in wild type patients. 2021 Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition. All rights reserved.
Authors: Douglas B Johnson; Garrett M Frampton; Matthew J Rioth; Erik Yusko; Yaomin Xu; Xingyi Guo; Riley C Ennis; David Fabrizio; Zachary R Chalmers; Joel Greenbowe; Siraj M Ali; Sohail Balasubramanian; James X Sun; Yuting He; Dennie T Frederick; Igor Puzanov; Justin M Balko; Justin M Cates; Jeffrey S Ross; Catherine Sanders; Harlan Robins; Yu Shyr; Vincent A Miller; Philip J Stephens; Ryan J Sullivan; Jeffrey A Sosman; Christine M Lovly Journal: Cancer Immunol Res Date: 2016-09-26 Impact factor: 11.151
Authors: Christopher Greenman; Philip Stephens; Raffaella Smith; Gillian L Dalgliesh; Christopher Hunter; Graham Bignell; Helen Davies; Jon Teague; Adam Butler; Claire Stevens; Sarah Edkins; Sarah O'Meara; Imre Vastrik; Esther E Schmidt; Tim Avis; Syd Barthorpe; Gurpreet Bhamra; Gemma Buck; Bhudipa Choudhury; Jody Clements; Jennifer Cole; Ed Dicks; Simon Forbes; Kris Gray; Kelly Halliday; Rachel Harrison; Katy Hills; Jon Hinton; Andy Jenkinson; David Jones; Andy Menzies; Tatiana Mironenko; Janet Perry; Keiran Raine; Dave Richardson; Rebecca Shepherd; Alexandra Small; Calli Tofts; Jennifer Varian; Tony Webb; Sofie West; Sara Widaa; Andy Yates; Daniel P Cahill; David N Louis; Peter Goldstraw; Andrew G Nicholson; Francis Brasseur; Leendert Looijenga; Barbara L Weber; Yoke-Eng Chiew; Anna DeFazio; Mel F Greaves; Anthony R Green; Peter Campbell; Ewan Birney; Douglas F Easton; Georgia Chenevix-Trench; Min-Han Tan; Sok Kean Khoo; Bin Tean Teh; Siu Tsan Yuen; Suet Yi Leung; Richard Wooster; P Andrew Futreal; Michael R Stratton Journal: Nature Date: 2007-03-08 Impact factor: 49.962
Authors: David A Fabrizio; Thomas J George; Richard F Dunne; Garrett Frampton; James Sun; Kyle Gowen; Mark Kennedy; Joel Greenbowe; Alexa B Schrock; Aram F Hezel; Jeffrey S Ross; Phillip J Stephens; Siraj M Ali; Vincent A Miller; Marwan Fakih; Samuel J Klempner Journal: J Gastrointest Oncol Date: 2018-08