R Brandon Stacey1, W Gregory Hundley2,3. 1. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Watlington Hall, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157-1045, USA. bstacey@wakehealth.edu. 2. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Watlington Hall, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157-1045, USA. 3. Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review aims to summarize recent developments in identifying and quantifying both the presence and amount of myocardial fibrosis by imaging and biomarkers. Further, this review seeks to describe in general ways how this information may be used to identify hypertension and the transition to heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent studies using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging highlight the progressive nature of fibrosis from normal individuals to those with hypertension to those with clinical heart failure. However, separating hypertensive patients from those with heart failure remains challenging. Recent studies involving echocardiography show the subclinical myocardial strain changes between hypertensive heart disease and heart failure. Lastly, recent studies highlight the potential use of biomarkers to identify those with hypertension at the greatest risk of developing heart failure. In light of the heterogeneous nature between hypertension and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, an integrated approach with cardiac imaging and biomarker analysis may enable clinicians and investigators to more accurately characterize, prevent, and treat heart failure in those with hypertension.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review aims to summarize recent developments in identifying and quantifying both the presence and amount of myocardial fibrosis by imaging and biomarkers. Further, this review seeks to describe in general ways how this information may be used to identify hypertension and the transition to heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent studies using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging highlight the progressive nature of fibrosis from normal individuals to those with hypertension to those with clinical heart failure. However, separating hypertensivepatients from those with heart failure remains challenging. Recent studies involving echocardiography show the subclinical myocardial strain changes between hypertensive heart disease and heart failure. Lastly, recent studies highlight the potential use of biomarkers to identify those with hypertension at the greatest risk of developing heart failure. In light of the heterogeneous nature between hypertension and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, an integrated approach with cardiac imaging and biomarker analysis may enable clinicians and investigators to more accurately characterize, prevent, and treat heart failure in those with hypertension.
Entities:
Keywords:
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; Hypertension; Left ventricular hypertrophy; Myocardial fibrosis
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