Evelyn M Leland1, Deborah X Xie1, Vidyulata Kamath2, Stella M Seal3, Sandra Y Lin1, Nicholas R Rowan4. 1. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, 601 N. Caroline St, 6th floor, Ste 6230, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. 2. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. 3. Welch Medical Library, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. 4. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, 601 N. Caroline St, 6th floor, Ste 6230, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. nrowan1@jhmi.edu.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Patients with chemosensory dysfunction experience significant quality of life disruptions, including reduced enjoyment of eating. While chemosensory dysfunction has been associated with eating disorders, the relationship is poorly understood. This systematic review aims to characterize psychophysical gustation and olfaction in patients with eating disorders. METHODS: Systematic review of investigations assessing psychophysical chemosensory function in patients with organic eating disorders. RESULTS: 26 studies were included. Five studies assessed both chemosenses, while 12 and 9 assessed exclusively gustation or olfaction, respectively. In total, 779 patients were included [72.4% anorexia nervosa (AN), 26.7% bulimia nervosa (BN), 0.8% combined AN/BN]. Patients with eating disorders experienced rates of hypogeusia up to 87% in AN and 84.6% in BN. There was evidence for alterations in psychophysical olfaction, but orientation of trends were less clear. Chemosensory dysfunction was more evident in AN patients. Treatment correlated with improved chemosensory function. CONCLUSIONS: Despite heterogeneity in study methodology and results, this review demonstrates that patients with eating disorders experience some degree of chemosensory dysfunction, particularly in gustation. This symptomatology overlaps with those experienced by patients with other causes of chemosensory impairment. These findings suggest potential broad psychosocial, dietary, and mental health implications in patient populations experiencing chemosensory dysfunction. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level II.
PURPOSE: Patients with chemosensory dysfunction experience significant quality of life disruptions, including reduced enjoyment of eating. While chemosensory dysfunction has been associated with eating disorders, the relationship is poorly understood. This systematic review aims to characterize psychophysical gustation and olfaction in patients with eating disorders. METHODS: Systematic review of investigations assessing psychophysical chemosensory function in patients with organic eating disorders. RESULTS: 26 studies were included. Five studies assessed both chemosenses, while 12 and 9 assessed exclusively gustation or olfaction, respectively. In total, 779 patients were included [72.4% anorexia nervosa (AN), 26.7% bulimia nervosa (BN), 0.8% combined AN/BN]. Patients with eating disorders experienced rates of hypogeusia up to 87% in AN and 84.6% in BN. There was evidence for alterations in psychophysical olfaction, but orientation of trends were less clear. Chemosensory dysfunction was more evident in AN patients. Treatment correlated with improved chemosensory function. CONCLUSIONS: Despite heterogeneity in study methodology and results, this review demonstrates that patients with eating disorders experience some degree of chemosensory dysfunction, particularly in gustation. This symptomatology overlaps with those experienced by patients with other causes of chemosensory impairment. These findings suggest potential broad psychosocial, dietary, and mental health implications in patient populations experiencing chemosensory dysfunction. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level II.
Authors: Isaac A Bernstein; Christopher R Roxbury; Sandra Y Lin; Nicholas R Rowan Journal: Int Forum Allergy Rhinol Date: 2020-11-01 Impact factor: 3.858
Authors: Fernando Fernández-Aranda; Zaida Agüera; Jose C Fernández-García; Lourdes Garrido-Sanchez; Juan Alcaide-Torres; Francisco J Tinahones; Cristina Giner-Bartolomé; Rosa M Baños; Cristina Botella; Ausias Cebolla; Rafael de la Torre; Jose M Fernández-Real; Francisco J Ortega; Gema Frühbeck; Javier Gómez-Ambrosi; Roser Granero; Mohamed A Islam; Susana Jiménez-Murcia; Salomé Tárrega; José M Menchón; Ana B Fagundo; Carolina Sancho; Xavier Estivill; Janet Treasure; Felipe F Casanueva Journal: Endocrine Date: 2015-07-22 Impact factor: 3.633
Authors: Alessandro Liberati; Douglas G Altman; Jennifer Tetzlaff; Cynthia Mulrow; Peter C Gøtzsche; John P A Ioannidis; Mike Clarke; P J Devereaux; Jos Kleijnen; David Moher Journal: BMJ Date: 2009-07-21
Authors: Mohammed A Islam; Ana B Fagundo; Jon Arcelus; Zaida Agüera; Susana Jiménez-Murcia; José M Fernández-Real; Francisco J Tinahones; Rafael de la Torre; Cristina Botella; Gema Frühbeck; Felipe F Casanueva; José M Menchón; Fernando Fernandez-Aranda Journal: Front Psychol Date: 2015-09-30