Kazuki Shimizu1, Devi Sridhar2, Kiyosu Taniguchi3, Kenji Shibuya4. 1. Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK. 2. Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. 3. National Hospital Organization Mie Hospital, Tsu, Japan. 4. Institute for Population Health, King's College London, London, UK.