Schizotypal personality disorder in an outpatient population: incidence and clinical characteristics.

The incidence and clinical characteristics of DSM-III Schizotypal Personality Disorder (SPD) were explored in a series of 76 consecutive outpatients. Ten patients (13.2%) met DSM-III criteria for SPD. Patients with SPD were significantly more likely to receive a diagnosis of drug abuse or dependence and tended to exhibit a higher rate of major affective disorders than did the non-SPD group. Patients with SPD were rated as significantly more severely disturbed than non-SPD patients on the Global Assessment Scale for the current episode and the worst lifetime episode of disorder. In addition, SPD patients were significantly more likely to have histories of psychiatric hospitalization and attempted suicide and first received treatment at a significantly younger age than did non-SPD patients. These results indicate that SPD is relatively common in outpatient settings and is associated with particularly severe psychopathology.