Si-Jia He1, Yan-Wen Fang2, Zi-Xin Huang2, Yu Yu3,4. 1. Department of Sociology, School of Public Management, Central South University, Lushan South Road 932, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China. 2. Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, 20 Weightman St, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia. 3. Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Upper Mayuanlin Road 238, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China. yu.yu@yale.edu. 4. Division of Prevention and Community Research, Yale School of Medicine, 389 Whitney Avenue, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA. yu.yu@yale.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The 24-item Recovery Assessment Scale (RAS) is the most widely-used and well-validated tool for measuring recovery for people with mental illness. The current study aims to assess the reliability and validity of an 8-item short form of RAS (RAS-8) among a Chinese sample of people living with schizophrenia. METHODS: A sample of 400 people living with schizophrenia were recruited for scale validation. Internal consistency was tested by calculating Cronbach's α. Test-retest reliability was calculated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for the total score and weighted kappa for each item. Factor structure was tested with confirmatory factor analysis, and concurrent validity was examined by investigating the correlation of the RAS-8 with patient symptoms, disability, depression, anxiety, patient functioning, quality of life and general health. RESULTS: The RAS-8 full scale and subscales showed good internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha ranging from 0.87 to 0.92. ICC of 0.99 and weighted kappa ranged from 0.62 to 0.88, which generally indicates good test-retest reliability. The findings supported an a priori two-factor structure, χ2/df = 2.93, CFI = 0.98, TLI = 0.98, RMSEA = 0.07, SRMR = 0.035. Concurrent validity of the RAS-8 was further supported by its significant negative correlations with patient symptoms (r = -0.24, p < 0.01), disability (r = -0.30, p < 0.01), depression (r = -0.16, p < 0.05), and anxiety (r = -0.14, p < 0.05), and its significant positive relationships with patient functioning (r = 0.26, p < 0.01), quality of life (r = 0.39, p < 0.01) and general health (r = 0.34, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed the reliability and validity of an 8-item short-form RAS for people living with schizophrenia in Chinese communities. The validation of the RAS-8 allows for its use as an alternative for the full RAS as a rapid assessment tool in clinical and research settings. The findings are discussed for their implications for application and validation with other populations and in other countries.
BACKGROUND: The 24-item Recovery Assessment Scale (RAS) is the most widely-used and well-validated tool for measuring recovery for people with mental illness. The current study aims to assess the reliability and validity of an 8-item short form of RAS (RAS-8) among a Chinese sample of people living with schizophrenia. METHODS: A sample of 400 people living with schizophrenia were recruited for scale validation. Internal consistency was tested by calculating Cronbach's α. Test-retest reliability was calculated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for the total score and weighted kappa for each item. Factor structure was tested with confirmatory factor analysis, and concurrent validity was examined by investigating the correlation of the RAS-8 with patient symptoms, disability, depression, anxiety, patient functioning, quality of life and general health. RESULTS: The RAS-8 full scale and subscales showed good internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha ranging from 0.87 to 0.92. ICC of 0.99 and weighted kappa ranged from 0.62 to 0.88, which generally indicates good test-retest reliability. The findings supported an a priori two-factor structure, χ2/df = 2.93, CFI = 0.98, TLI = 0.98, RMSEA = 0.07, SRMR = 0.035. Concurrent validity of the RAS-8 was further supported by its significant negative correlations with patient symptoms (r = -0.24, p < 0.01), disability (r = -0.30, p < 0.01), depression (r = -0.16, p < 0.05), and anxiety (r = -0.14, p < 0.05), and its significant positive relationships with patient functioning (r = 0.26, p < 0.01), quality of life (r = 0.39, p < 0.01) and general health (r = 0.34, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed the reliability and validity of an 8-item short-form RAS for people living with schizophrenia in Chinese communities. The validation of the RAS-8 allows for its use as an alternative for the full RAS as a rapid assessment tool in clinical and research settings. The findings are discussed for their implications for application and validation with other populations and in other countries.
Authors: M Slade; M Leamy; F Bacon; M Janosik; C Le Boutillier; J Williams; V Bird Journal: Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci Date: 2012-03-15 Impact factor: 6.892
Authors: Kim T Mueser; Piper S Meyer; David L Penn; Richard Clancy; Donna M Clancy; Michelle P Salyers Journal: Schizophr Bull Date: 2006-08-09 Impact factor: 9.306
Authors: June Chao; Andrew M H Siu; Odelia Leung; Ada Lo; Menza Chu; Wing Kin Lee; Chris Auw; Victor Lee; Chi-Wen Chien Journal: J Ment Health Date: 2018-11-17