Gabriela M Wiedemann1, Jochen Schneider2,3, Mareike Verbeek4, Björn Konukiewitz5, Christoph D Spinner2,3, Henrik Einwächter2, Roland M Schmid2,3, Kathrin Rothe3,6. 1. Department of Internal Medicine II, University hospital rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany. gabriela.wiedemann@gmail.com. 2. Department of Internal Medicine II, University hospital rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany. 3. German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Munich, Munich, Germany. 4. Department of Internal Medicine III, University hospital rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany. 5. Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany. 6. Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Ecthyma gangrenosum (EG) is a cutaneous infectious disease characterized by eschar-like skin ulcers typically caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Here, we report a case of relapsing EG in a patient who had returned from a trip to Colombia, thus establishing EG as an important differential diagnosis of tropical diseases, and demonstrating that even long-term antibiotic treatment can result in only partial remission of EG. CASE PRESENTATION: A 77-year-old man with underlying chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) on ibrutinib treatment was admitted because of a superinfected mosquito bite on the left ear and multiple partially necrotic skin lesions disseminated all over the entire body five days after returning from a trip to Colombia. The initial clinical suspicion of a tropical disease (leishmaniosis, systemic mycosis, or others) could not be confirmed. During the diagnostic workup, microbiological cultures of the skin biopsies and bronchoalveolar lavage revealed Pseudomonas aeruginosa, leading to a diagnosis of EG. Initial antibiotic treatment resulted in partial remission. However, the patient had to be re-admitted due to a relapse 3-4 weeks after the first episode. Finally, the patient was successfully treated with a combined approach consisting of antibiotics, recurrent surgical incisions, and administration of immunoglobulins. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, EG should be considered as a differential diagnosis in immunosuppressed patients presenting with eschar-like skin ulcers. A combined treatment approach seems to be the best choice to achieve clinical cure and avoid relapse.
BACKGROUND:Ecthyma gangrenosum (EG) is a cutaneous infectious disease characterized by eschar-like skin ulcers typically caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Here, we report a case of relapsing EG in a patient who had returned from a trip to Colombia, thus establishing EG as an important differential diagnosis of tropical diseases, and demonstrating that even long-term antibiotic treatment can result in only partial remission of EG. CASE PRESENTATION: A 77-year-old man with underlying chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) on ibrutinib treatment was admitted because of a superinfected mosquito bite on the left ear and multiple partially necrotic skin lesions disseminated all over the entire body five days after returning from a trip to Colombia. The initial clinical suspicion of a tropical disease (leishmaniosis, systemic mycosis, or others) could not be confirmed. During the diagnostic workup, microbiological cultures of the skin biopsies and bronchoalveolar lavage revealed Pseudomonas aeruginosa, leading to a diagnosis of EG. Initial antibiotic treatment resulted in partial remission. However, the patient had to be re-admitted due to a relapse 3-4 weeks after the first episode. Finally, the patient was successfully treated with a combined approach consisting of antibiotics, recurrent surgical incisions, and administration of immunoglobulins. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, EG should be considered as a differential diagnosis in immunosuppressed patients presenting with eschar-like skin ulcers. A combined treatment approach seems to be the best choice to achieve clinical cure and avoid relapse.
Authors: Jane A Freeman; Kyle R Crassini; O Giles Best; Cecily J Forsyth; Naomi J Mackinlay; Ping Han; William Stevenson; Stephen P Mulligan Journal: Leuk Lymphoma Date: 2012-09-08
Authors: Hilary L Reich; Darice Williams Fadeyi; Narayan S Naik; Paul J Honig; Albert C Yan Journal: J Am Acad Dermatol Date: 2004-05 Impact factor: 11.527