Jack Tsai1, Eric B Elbogen2, Minda Huang3, Carol S North4, Robert H Pietrzak5. 1. School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; National Center on Homelessness Among Veterans, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs; Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine. Electronic address: Jack.Tsai@uth.tmc.edu. 2. National Center on Homelessness Among Veterans, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine. 3. Department of Psychology, University of Hartford. 4. Metrocare Services; Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center. 5. Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine; National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Connecticut Healthcare System; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health.
Abstract
PURPOSE: This study examined how exposure to events during the Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) era is linked to symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), COVID-19 era-related stress (CS), alcohol use disorder (AUD), and suicidal ideation (SI) in low and middle-income U.S adults. METHODS: A national sample of 6,607 adults (4.4% who reported testing positive for COVID-19, 25.3% testing negative, and 70.3% untested) were recruited an online platform andcompleted the Patient Health Questionnaire-2, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2, PTSD-Checklist for DSM-5, the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification-Consumption scale, and an item assessing SI in May-June 2020. A series of multivariable analyses were conducted. RESULTS: In the total sample, 35.3% screened positive for current AUD, 33.6% for MDD, 33.6% for GAD, 24.6% for SI, and 20.2% for CS. Past 2-week SI (adjusted odds ratios [AORs]= 1.49-12.06), number of close friends (AORs= 1.40-2.72), history of AUD (AORs= 1.15-1.92), history of anxiety disorder (AORs= 1.07-2.63), and younger age (AORs= 0.97-0.98) were significantly associated with screening positive for MDD, GAD, CS, and AUD. COVID-19 status was not independently associated with these conditions, but the combination of testing positive for COVID-19, meeting criteria for AUD, and screening positive for MDD, GAD, or CS predicted a 96% probability for SI. CONCLUSION: Predisposing factors are stronger predictors of psychological distress than personal COVID-19 infection or exposure. The additive effects of COVID-19 infection, alcohol use, and psychiatric problems in predicting SI suggest screening, monitoring, and treating these conditions in population-based prevention and treatment efforts may be important.
PURPOSE: This study examined how exposure to events during the Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) era is linked to symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), COVID-19 era-related stress (CS), alcohol use disorder (AUD), and suicidal ideation (SI) in low and middle-income U.S adults. METHODS: A national sample of 6,607 adults (4.4% who reported testing positive for COVID-19, 25.3% testing negative, and 70.3% untested) were recruited an online platform andcompleted the Patient Health Questionnaire-2, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2, PTSD-Checklist for DSM-5, the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification-Consumption scale, and an item assessing SI in May-June 2020. A series of multivariable analyses were conducted. RESULTS: In the total sample, 35.3% screened positive for current AUD, 33.6% for MDD, 33.6% for GAD, 24.6% for SI, and 20.2% for CS. Past 2-week SI (adjusted odds ratios [AORs]= 1.49-12.06), number of close friends (AORs= 1.40-2.72), history of AUD (AORs= 1.15-1.92), history of anxiety disorder (AORs= 1.07-2.63), and younger age (AORs= 0.97-0.98) were significantly associated with screening positive for MDD, GAD, CS, and AUD. COVID-19 status was not independently associated with these conditions, but the combination of testing positive for COVID-19, meeting criteria for AUD, and screening positive for MDD, GAD, or CS predicted a 96% probability for SI. CONCLUSION: Predisposing factors are stronger predictors of psychological distress than personal COVID-19infection or exposure. The additive effects of COVID-19infection, alcohol use, and psychiatric problems in predicting SI suggest screening, monitoring, and treating these conditions in population-based prevention and treatment efforts may be important.
Authors: Joshua N Liberman; Sandipan Bhattacharjee; Pinyao Rui; Charles Ruetsch; Brian Rothman; Amit Kulkarni; Felicia Forma Journal: Health Serv Res Manag Epidemiol Date: 2022-07-06
Authors: Mark Sinyor; Rabia Zaheer; Roger T Webb; Duleeka Knipe; Emily Eyles; Julian P T Higgins; Luke McGuinness; Lena Schmidt; Catherine Macleod-Hall; Dana Dekel; David Gunnell; Ann John Journal: Can J Psychiatry Date: 2022-05-09 Impact factor: 5.321