Shannon Gravely1, K Michael Cummings2, David Hammond3, Ron Borland4, Ann McNeill5,6, Katherine A East3, Ruth Loewen1, Nadia Martin1, Hua-Hie Yong7, Lin Li4, Alex Liber8, David T Levy8, Anne C K Quah1, Janine Ouimet1, Sara C Hitchman5, Mary E Thompson9, Christian Boudreau9, Geoffrey T Fong1,10. 1. Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. 2. Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. 3. School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. 4. Melbourne Centre for Behaviour Change, School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville Campus, Melbourne VIC, Australia. 5. Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, Camberwell, London, England. 6. Shaping public health policies to reduce inequalities & harm (SPECTRUM), UK. 7. School of Psychology, Deakin University, 1 Gheringhap Street, Geelong, Victoria, 3220, Australia. 8. Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3800 Reservoir Road, NW, Washington, D.C., USA. 9. Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. 10. Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: This study retrospectively describes smoking cessation aids, cessation services, and other types of assistance used by current and ex-smokers at last quit attempt (LQA) in four high-income countries. METHODS: Data are from the Wave 3 (2020) International Tobacco Control Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey in Australia, Canada, England, and the US. Eligible respondents were daily smokers or past-daily recent ex-smokers who made a quit attempt/quit smoking in the last 24-months, resulting in 3614 respondents. Self-reported quit aids/assistance included: nicotine vaping products (NVPs), nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), other pharmacological therapies (OPT: varenicline/bupropion/cytisine), tobacco (non-combustible: heated tobacco product/smokeless tobacco), cessation services (quitline/counseling/doctor), other cessation support (e.g., mobile apps/website/pamphlets etc.), or no aid. RESULTS: Among all respondents, at LQA, 28.8% used NRT, 28.0% used an NVP, 12.0% used OPT, 7.8% used a cessation service, 1.7% used a tobacco product, 16.5% other cessation support, and 38.6% used no aid/assistance. Slightly more than half of all smokers and ex-smokers (57.2%) reported using any type of pharmacotherapy (NRT or OPT) and/or an NVP, half used NRT and/or an NVP (49.9%), and 38.4% used any type of pharmacotherapy (NRT and/or OPT). A quarter of smokers/ex-smokers used a combination of aids. NVPs and NRT were the most prevalent types of cessation aids used in all four countries; however, NRT was more commonly used in Australia relative to NVPs, and in England, NVPs were more commonly used than NRT. The use of NVPs or NRT was more evenly distributed in Canada and the US. CONCLUSIONS: It appears that many smokers are still trying to quit unassisted, rather than utilizing cessation aids or other forms of assistance. Of those who did use assistance, NRT and NVPs were the most common method, which appears to suggest that nicotine substitution is important for smokers when trying to quit smoking.
INTRODUCTION: This study retrospectively describes smoking cessation aids, cessation services, and other types of assistance used by current and ex-smokers at last quit attempt (LQA) in four high-income countries. METHODS: Data are from the Wave 3 (2020) International Tobacco Control Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey in Australia, Canada, England, and the US. Eligible respondents were daily smokers or past-daily recent ex-smokers who made a quit attempt/quit smoking in the last 24-months, resulting in 3614 respondents. Self-reported quit aids/assistance included: nicotine vaping products (NVPs), nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), other pharmacological therapies (OPT: varenicline/bupropion/cytisine), tobacco (non-combustible: heated tobacco product/smokeless tobacco), cessation services (quitline/counseling/doctor), other cessation support (e.g., mobile apps/website/pamphlets etc.), or no aid. RESULTS: Among all respondents, at LQA, 28.8% used NRT, 28.0% used an NVP, 12.0% used OPT, 7.8% used a cessation service, 1.7% used a tobacco product, 16.5% other cessation support, and 38.6% used no aid/assistance. Slightly more than half of all smokers and ex-smokers (57.2%) reported using any type of pharmacotherapy (NRT or OPT) and/or an NVP, half used NRT and/or an NVP (49.9%), and 38.4% used any type of pharmacotherapy (NRT and/or OPT). A quarter of smokers/ex-smokers used a combination of aids. NVPs and NRT were the most prevalent types of cessation aids used in all four countries; however, NRT was more commonly used in Australia relative to NVPs, and in England, NVPs were more commonly used than NRT. The use of NVPs or NRT was more evenly distributed in Canada and the US. CONCLUSIONS: It appears that many smokers are still trying to quit unassisted, rather than utilizing cessation aids or other forms of assistance. Of those who did use assistance, NRT and NVPs were the most common method, which appears to suggest that nicotine substitution is important for smokers when trying to quit smoking.
Authors: Renata Piotrkowska; Wioletta Mędrzycka-Dąbrowska; Piotr Jarzynkowski; Robert Ślusarz Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-08-20 Impact factor: 4.614
Authors: Hua-Hie Yong; Shannon Gravely; Ron Borland; Coral Gartner; K Michael Cummings; Katherine East; Scott Tagliaferri; Tara Elton-Marshall; Andrew Hyland; Maansi Bansal-Travers; Geoffrey T Fong Journal: Nicotine Tob Res Date: 2022-08-06 Impact factor: 5.825