Ebisa Turi1, Dawit Simegnew2,3, Ginenus Fekadu4,5, Tadesse Tolossa1, Markos Desalegn1, Lami Bayisa6, Diriba Mulisa6, Amanuel Abajobir7. 1. Department of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia. 2. Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China. 3. Department of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora, Ethiopia. 4. Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia. 5. School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territory, Hong Kong. 6. School of Nursing and Midwifery, Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia. 7. Maternal and Child Wellbeing Unit, African Population and Health Research Centre, Nairobi, Kenya.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is only one part of a successful range of care among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Stigma and low social support are emerging issues worsening the success of ART for PLWHA. This study thus aimed to investigate the level of perceived stigma among PLWHA. METHODS: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Nekemte, western Ethiopia. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify associations between perceived stigma and low social support, depression, and other potential predictor variables using SPSS version 24.0 and adjusted odds ratios (AORs), considering statistical significance at p<0.05. RESULTS: A total of 418 study participants were included in the study, with a response rate of 100%. About 48.6% of PLWHA had experienced perceived stigma, and more than two-fifths had poor social support. The following factors were associated with perceived stigma among PLWHA: age (18-29 years) (AOR=4.88, 95% CI:1.76-13.5), female sex (AOR=2.10, 95% CI 1.15-3.82), <12 months on ART (AOR=2.63, 95% CI 1.09-6.34), depression (AOR=1.86, 95% CI 1.08-3.19), social support (poor: AOR=3.45, 95% CI 1.65-7.23; medium: AOR=2.22, 95% CI 1.09-4.54), and non-disclosure of HIV status (AOR=2.00, 95% CI 1.11-3.59). CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION: The magnitude of perceived stigma among PLWHA was high, highlighting the importance of integrating social and mental health support within standard ART for PLWHA.
BACKGROUND: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is only one part of a successful range of care among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Stigma and low social support are emerging issues worsening the success of ART for PLWHA. This study thus aimed to investigate the level of perceived stigma among PLWHA. METHODS: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Nekemte, western Ethiopia. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify associations between perceived stigma and low social support, depression, and other potential predictor variables using SPSS version 24.0 and adjusted odds ratios (AORs), considering statistical significance at p<0.05. RESULTS: A total of 418 study participants were included in the study, with a response rate of 100%. About 48.6% of PLWHA had experienced perceived stigma, and more than two-fifths had poor social support. The following factors were associated with perceived stigma among PLWHA: age (18-29 years) (AOR=4.88, 95% CI:1.76-13.5), female sex (AOR=2.10, 95% CI 1.15-3.82), <12 months on ART (AOR=2.63, 95% CI 1.09-6.34), depression (AOR=1.86, 95% CI 1.08-3.19), social support (poor: AOR=3.45, 95% CI 1.65-7.23; medium: AOR=2.22, 95% CI 1.09-4.54), and non-disclosure of HIV status (AOR=2.00, 95% CI 1.11-3.59). CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION: The magnitude of perceived stigma among PLWHA was high, highlighting the importance of integrating social and mental health support within standard ART for PLWHA.
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