Calistus Wilunda 1,2 , Norie Sawada 3 , Taiki Yamaji 1 , Motoki Iwasaki 1 , Manami Inoue 1 , Shoichiro Tsugane 1 Show Affiliations »
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported inconsistent associations between reproductive factors and lung cancer. METHODS: We used data from the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study, which included 400 incident lung cancer cases (305 adenocarcinoma) among 42,615 never-smoking women followed for a median of 21 years, to examine the associations of reproductive and hormonal factors with lung cancer by histological type using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS: Longer fertility span (≥36 years vs. ≤32 years) was associated with increased risk of lung adenocarcinoma (HR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.07-2.06, P trend = 0.01) but not with all lung cancer or nonadenocarcinoma. Similarly, late age at menopause (≥ 50 years) was associated with increased adenocarcinoma risk (vs. ≤ 47 years, HR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.01-1.96, P trend 0.04). Compared with premenopausal women, women with natural menopause (HR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.02-3.88) or surgical menopause (HR, 2.75; 95% CI, 1.33-5.67) were at increased risk of adenocarcinoma. In contrast, breastfeeding was associated with reduced risk of nonadenocarcinoma (HR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.28-0.92). No significant association with parity, age at first birth, exogenous hormone use, or length of menstrual cycle was detected. CONCLUSIONS: Reproductive factors may play a role in lung carcinogenesis. Future studies that include estrogen and progesterone biomarkers may help clarify the role of endogenous hormones in lung carcinogenesis. IMPACT: Fertility span and age at menopause may be useful variables in developing risk prediction models for lung adenocarcinoma among nonsmoking women. ©2021 American Association for Cancer Research.
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported inconsistent associations between reproductive factors and lung cancer. METHODS: We used data from the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study, which included 400 incident lung cancer cases (305 adenocarcinoma) among 42,615 never-smoking women followed for a median of 21 years, to examine the associations of reproductive and hormonal factors with lung cancer by histological type using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS: Longer fertility span (≥36 years vs. ≤32 years) was associated with increased risk of lung adenocarcinoma (HR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.07-2.06, P trend = 0.01) but not with all lung cancer or nonadenocarcinoma. Similarly, late age at menopause (≥ 50 years) was associated with increased adenocarcinoma risk (vs. ≤ 47 years, HR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.01-1.96, P trend 0.04). Compared with premenopausal women, women with natural menopause (HR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.02-3.88) or surgical menopause (HR, 2.75; 95% CI, 1.33-5.67) were at increased risk of adenocarcinoma. In contrast, breastfeeding was associated with reduced risk of nonadenocarcinoma (HR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.28-0.92). No significant association with parity, age at first birth, exogenous hormone use, or length of menstrual cycle was detected. CONCLUSIONS: Reproductive factors may play a role in lung carcinogenesis. Future studies that include estrogen and progesterone biomarkers may help clarify the role of endogenous hormones in lung carcinogenesis. IMPACT: Fertility span and age at menopause may be useful variables in developing risk prediction models for lung adenocarcinoma among nonsmoking women. ©2021 American Association for Cancer Research.
Entities: Chemical
Mesh： See more »
Year: 2021
PMID： 33827981 DOI： 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-20-1399
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev ISSN： 1055-9965 Impact factor: 4.254