An Automated Tabletop Continuous Culturing System with Multicolor Fluorescence Monitoring for Microbial Gene Expression and Long-Term Population Dynamics.

Real-time monitoring of gene expression dynamics and population levels in a multispecies microbial community could enable the study of the role of changing gene expression patterns on eco-evolutionary outcomes. Here we report the design and validation of a unique experimental platform with an in situ fluorescence measurement system that has high dynamic range and temporal resolution and is capable of monitoring multiple fluorophores for long-term gene expression and population dynamics experiments. We demonstrate the capability of our system to capture gene expression dynamics in response to external perturbations in two synthetic genetic systems: a simple inducible genetic circuit and a bistable toggle switch. Finally, in exploring the population dynamics of a two species microbial community, we show that our system can capture the switch between competitive exclusion and long-term coexistence in response to different nutrient conditions.