Heart valve critical pathway and heart valve clinic: novel benchmarks for modern management of valvular heart disease.

The growing burden of Valvular Heart Disease (VHD) in Western countries represents a challenge for the daily clinical practice, especially in the light of the ever-increasing number of therapeutic options. The Euro Heart Survey showed that, among elderly subjects with severe, symptomatic valve dysfunction, surgery is denied for 33% of patients with aortic stenosis and for 50% of patients with mitral regurgitation. Current management (from diagnosis to follow-up) is often fragmented in multiple - sometimes unnecessary- steps. Such a "patchy" approach may translate into a suboptimal management, especially in the geriatric population. New healthcare models exist, that can coordinate care, reduce fragmentation, limit costs and, ultimately, improve outcomes: the clinical pathways.