Saiful Yazan Latifah1, Banulata Gopalsamy1, Raha Abdul Rahim2, Abdul Manaf Ali3, Nordin Haji Lajis4. 1. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia. 2. Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia. 3. Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Kuala 20300, Terengganu, Malaysia. 4. Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: This study reports on the cytotoxic properties of nordamnacanthal and damnacanthal, isolated from roots of Morinda elliptica on T-lymphoblastic leukaemia (CEM-SS) cell lines. METHODS: MTT assay, DNA fragmentation, ELISA and cell cycle analysis were carried out. RESULTS: Nordamnacanthal and damnacanthal at IC50 values of 1.7 μg/mL and10 μg/mL, respectively. At the molecular level, these compounds caused internucleosomal DNA cleavage producing multiple 180-200 bp fragments that are visible as a "ladder" on the agarose gel. This was due to the activation of the Mg2+/Ca2+-dependent endonuclease. The induction of apoptosis by nordamnacanthal was different from the one induced by damnacanthal, in a way that it occurs independently of ongoing transcription process. Nevertheless, in both cases, the process of dephosphorylation of protein phosphates 1 and 2A, the ongoing protein synthesis and the elevations of the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration were not needed for apoptosis to take place. Nordamnacanthal was found to have a cytotoxic effect by inducing apoptosis, while damnacanthal caused arrest at the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. CONCLUSION: Damnacanthal and nordamnacanthal have anticancer properties, and could act as potential treatment for T-lymphoblastic leukemia.
BACKGROUND: This study reports on the cytotoxic properties of nordamnacanthal and damnacanthal, isolated from roots of Morinda elliptica on T-lymphoblastic leukaemia (CEM-SS) cell lines. METHODS:MTT assay, DNA fragmentation, ELISA and cell cycle analysis were carried out. RESULTS:Nordamnacanthal and damnacanthal at IC50 values of 1.7 μg/mL and10 μg/mL, respectively. At the molecular level, these compounds caused internucleosomal DNA cleavage producing multiple 180-200 bp fragments that are visible as a "ladder" on the agarose gel. This was due to the activation of the Mg2+/Ca2+-dependent endonuclease. The induction of apoptosis by nordamnacanthal was different from the one induced by damnacanthal, in a way that it occurs independently of ongoing transcription process. Nevertheless, in both cases, the process of dephosphorylation of protein phosphates 1 and 2A, the ongoing protein synthesis and the elevations of the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration were not needed for apoptosis to take place. Nordamnacanthal was found to have a cytotoxic effect by inducing apoptosis, while damnacanthal caused arrest at the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. CONCLUSION:Damnacanthal and nordamnacanthal have anticancer properties, and could act as potential treatment for T-lymphoblastic leukemia.
Authors: Heather S L Jim; Paul B Jacobsen; Kristin M Phillips; Robert M Wenham; William Roberts; Brent J Small Journal: Health Psychol Date: 2013-02-25 Impact factor: 4.267