Hartej Gill1, Barjot Gill2, Orly Lipsitz3, Nelson B Rodrigues3, Danielle S Cha4, Sabine El-Halabi2, Rodrigo B Mansur5, Joshua Daniel Rosenblat6, Daniel H Cooper2, Yena Lee7, Flora Nasri2, Roger S McIntyre8. 1. Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. 2. Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada. 3. Canadian Rapid Treatment Center of Excellence, Mississauga, ON, Canada. 4. Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. 5. Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. 6. Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Canadian Rapid Treatment Center of Excellence, Mississauga, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. 7. Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Canadian Rapid Treatment Center of Excellence, Mississauga, ON, Canada. 8. Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Canadian Rapid Treatment Center of Excellence, Mississauga, ON, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address: Roger.McIntyre@uhn.ca.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Converging evidence suggests abnormalities in monetary reward processing may underlie the shared pathophysiology between major depressive disorder and obesity. As such, there is a need to parse deficits in specific subcomponents of monetary reward functioning (i.e., valuation, learning and anticipation). METHODS: PsycINFO, Google Scholar and PubMed databases were searched for English-language articles published between database inception to June 6th, 2020. Studies were identified using the following medical search heading (MeSH) terms and search strings: (reward (valuation OR motivation OR anticipation OR learning OR functioning OR decision-making OR reinforcement)) AND ((obesity OR overweight OR obese). RESULTS: Findings were reviewed from 11 studies evaluating the association between obesity and monetary reward processing. Four studies found significant differences in reward learning in individuals with obesity compared to normal-weight participants. Five studies found body mass index (BMI) to be predictive of willingness to expend effort (i.e., valuation) for a monetary reward. Three studies found changes in neural activations in the ventral striatum during anticipatory phases preceding receipt of a monetary reward in participants with obesity. CONCLUSIONS: Participants with obesity demonstrated significantly poorer performance in task-based measures of reward learning, valuation, and anticipation, resulting in lower monetary reward outcomes across all studies compared to healthy controls. Notably, participants with obesity and comorbid depression performed worse than participants with no comorbid depression. LIMITATIONS: There persists heterogeneity between studies with regards to inclusion of mood disorder populations and exclusion of psychiatric comorbidities in groups with obesity.
OBJECTIVE: Converging evidence suggests abnormalities in monetary reward processing may underlie the shared pathophysiology between major depressive disorder and obesity. As such, there is a need to parse deficits in specific subcomponents of monetary reward functioning (i.e., valuation, learning and anticipation). METHODS: PsycINFO, Google Scholar and PubMed databases were searched for English-language articles published between database inception to June 6th, 2020. Studies were identified using the following medical search heading (MeSH) terms and search strings: (reward (valuation OR motivation OR anticipation OR learning OR functioning OR decision-making OR reinforcement)) AND ((obesity OR overweight OR obese). RESULTS: Findings were reviewed from 11 studies evaluating the association between obesity and monetary reward processing. Four studies found significant differences in reward learning in individuals with obesity compared to normal-weight participants. Five studies found body mass index (BMI) to be predictive of willingness to expend effort (i.e., valuation) for a monetary reward. Three studies found changes in neural activations in the ventral striatum during anticipatory phases preceding receipt of a monetary reward in participants with obesity. CONCLUSIONS:Participants with obesity demonstrated significantly poorer performance in task-based measures of reward learning, valuation, and anticipation, resulting in lower monetary reward outcomes across all studies compared to healthy controls. Notably, participants with obesity and comorbid depression performed worse than participants with no comorbid depression. LIMITATIONS: There persists heterogeneity between studies with regards to inclusion of mood disorder populations and exclusion of psychiatric comorbidities in groups with obesity.
Authors: Roger S McIntyre; Martin Alda; Ross J Baldessarini; Michael Bauer; Michael Berk; Christoph U Correll; Andrea Fagiolini; Kostas Fountoulakis; Mark A Frye; Heinz Grunze; Lars V Kessing; David J Miklowitz; Gordon Parker; Robert M Post; Alan C Swann; Trisha Suppes; Eduard Vieta; Allan Young; Mario Maj Journal: World Psychiatry Date: 2022-10 Impact factor: 79.683