Stephen Ocansey1, Emmanuel K Abu2, Carl Halladay Abraham2, Andrews Owusu-Ansah3, Caleb Acheampong4, Frederick Mensah5, Charles Darko-Takyi2, Alex Ilechie2. 1. Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast. PMB University Post Office, Cape Coast, Ghana, CC-167-5809. 2. Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana. 3. Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana; Glaucoma Research Group, 2nd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China. 4. Eye Unit, 37 Military Hospital, Accra, Ghana. 5. European Hospital, Sekondi-Takoradi, Ghana.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the awareness, knowledge and the perception of risks of glaucoma among rural and urban dwellers in Ghana, a high prevalent country, in order to provide information for health promotion planning. METHOD: In a population-based descriptive cross-sectional survey, 1200 adults were selected from household settings, using a two-stage cluster and simple systematic random sampling. Quantitative data collection, using interviewer-administered questionnaire, was employed. Descriptive statistics were performed using chi-square, ordinal univariate, multinomial and multivariate logistic regression models used to calculate odds ratio with 95% confidence interval (CI) to identify predictive factors. RESULTS: Overall, only 326 (27.2%, 95% CI = 24.6-29.7) indicated they were aware of glaucoma, whereas 331 (27.6%, 95% CI = 24.6-29.7) had ever undergone an eye screening. Low knowledge was demonstrated in 152 (46.6%, 95% CI = 41.2-52.0) and high knowledge in 99 (30.4%, 95% CI = 25.4-35.4) glaucoma-aware participants. Only 238 (19.8%, 95% CI = 17.6-22.1) of respondents presumed themselves to be at risk of developing glaucoma. Having eye examination (within the last 6 months) was positively associated with knowledge (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.413; 95% CI = 0.9-1.896) and awareness (AOR = 1.13; 95% CI = 0.938-2.449). Three levels of education (no education (AOR = 0.041; 95% CI = 0.016-0.11), primary (AOR = 0.057; 95% CI = 0.018-0.179), and middle school (AOR = 0.254; 95% CI = 0.127-0.51)) were associated with low knowledge while all levels of education were inversely associated with awareness. Perceived risk of glaucoma was also influenced by area of residence (rural (AOR = 0.344; 95% CI = 0.21-0.57)), being young (18-24 years (AOR = 4.308; 95% CI = 2.36-7.88)) and having previously undergone screening for glaucoma (AOR = 13.200; 95% CI = 5.318-32.764). CONCLUSION: The main modifiers of glaucoma awareness and knowledge were education and previous eye examination, but awareness had additional factor of area of residence. Perceived risk of glaucoma was influenced by being young and living in urban areas.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the awareness, knowledge and the perception of risks of glaucoma among rural and urban dwellers in Ghana, a high prevalent country, in order to provide information for health promotion planning. METHOD: In a population-based descriptive cross-sectional survey, 1200 adults were selected from household settings, using a two-stage cluster and simple systematic random sampling. Quantitative data collection, using interviewer-administered questionnaire, was employed. Descriptive statistics were performed using chi-square, ordinal univariate, multinomial and multivariate logistic regression models used to calculate odds ratio with 95% confidence interval (CI) to identify predictive factors. RESULTS: Overall, only 326 (27.2%, 95% CI = 24.6-29.7) indicated they were aware of glaucoma, whereas 331 (27.6%, 95% CI = 24.6-29.7) had ever undergone an eye screening. Low knowledge was demonstrated in 152 (46.6%, 95% CI = 41.2-52.0) and high knowledge in 99 (30.4%, 95% CI = 25.4-35.4) glaucoma-aware participants. Only 238 (19.8%, 95% CI = 17.6-22.1) of respondents presumed themselves to be at risk of developing glaucoma. Having eye examination (within the last 6 months) was positively associated with knowledge (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.413; 95% CI = 0.9-1.896) and awareness (AOR = 1.13; 95% CI = 0.938-2.449). Three levels of education (no education (AOR = 0.041; 95% CI = 0.016-0.11), primary (AOR = 0.057; 95% CI = 0.018-0.179), and middle school (AOR = 0.254; 95% CI = 0.127-0.51)) were associated with low knowledge while all levels of education were inversely associated with awareness. Perceived risk of glaucoma was also influenced by area of residence (rural (AOR = 0.344; 95% CI = 0.21-0.57)), being young (18-24 years (AOR = 4.308; 95% CI = 2.36-7.88)) and having previously undergone screening for glaucoma (AOR = 13.200; 95% CI = 5.318-32.764). CONCLUSION: The main modifiers of glaucoma awareness and knowledge were education and previous eye examination, but awareness had additional factor of area of residence. Perceived risk of glaucoma was influenced by being young and living in urban areas.
Authors: Sannapaneni Krishnaiah; Vilas Kovai; Marmamula Srinivas; Bindiganavale R Shamanna; Gullapalli N Rao; Ravi Thomas Journal: Indian J Ophthalmol Date: 2005-09 Impact factor: 1.848
Authors: Donald L Budenz; Keith Barton; Julia Whiteside-de Vos; Joyce Schiffman; Jagadeesh Bandi; Winifred Nolan; Leon Herndon; Hanna Kim; Graham Hay-Smith; James M Tielsch Journal: JAMA Ophthalmol Date: 2013-05 Impact factor: 7.389