Xinxiao Gao1,2, Yunhui Du3, Wayne Bond Lau4, Yu Li3, Siquan Zhu2, Xin-Liang Ma1,4. 1. Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China. 2. Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China. 3. Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China. 4. Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, 1025 Walnut Street, College Building, Suite 808, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Accumulating evidence suggests the critical role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). In the current study, we aim to identify autophagy genes involved in DR via microarray analyses. METHODS: Gene microarrays were performed to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs/mRNAs between normal and DR retinas. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses of lncRNA-coexpressed mRNAs were used to determine the related pathological pathways and biological modules. Real-time polymerase chain reactions (PCR) were conducted to validate the microarray analyses. RESULTS: A total of 2474 significantly dysregulated lncRNAs and 959 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified in the retina of DR. Based upon Signalnet analysis, Bcl2, Gabarapl2, Atg4c, and Atg16L1 participated the process of cell death in DR. Moreover, real-time PCR revealed significant upregulation of Atg16L1. CONCLUSION: This study indicated the importance and potential role of Atg16L1, one of the autophagy genes, as a biomarker in DR development and progression.
OBJECTIVE: Accumulating evidence suggests the critical role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). In the current study, we aim to identify autophagy genes involved in DR via microarray analyses. METHODS: Gene microarrays were performed to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs/mRNAs between normal and DR retinas. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses of lncRNA-coexpressed mRNAs were used to determine the related pathological pathways and biological modules. Real-time polymerase chain reactions (PCR) were conducted to validate the microarray analyses. RESULTS: A total of 2474 significantly dysregulated lncRNAs and 959 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified in the retina of DR. Based upon Signalnet analysis, Bcl2, Gabarapl2, Atg4c, and Atg16L1 participated the process of cell death in DR. Moreover, real-time PCR revealed significant upregulation of Atg16L1. CONCLUSION: This study indicated the importance and potential role of Atg16L1, one of the autophagy genes, as a biomarker in DR development and progression.
Authors: Jacqueline M Lopes de Faria; Diego A Duarte; Chiara Montemurro; Alexandros Papadimitriou; Sílvio Roberto Consonni; José B Lopes de Faria Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Date: 2016-08-01 Impact factor: 4.799
Authors: Jacqueline F Rivera; Safia Costes; Tatyana Gurlo; Charles G Glabe; Peter C Butler Journal: J Clin Invest Date: 2014-07-18 Impact factor: 14.808
Authors: Ben C King; Klaudia Kulak; Ulrika Krus; Rebecca Rosberg; Ewelina Golec; Katarzyna Wozniak; Maria F Gomez; Enming Zhang; David J O'Connell; Erik Renström; Anna M Blom Journal: Cell Metab Date: 2018-10-04 Impact factor: 27.287
Authors: Michael Whitehead; Sanjeewa Wickremasinghe; Andrew Osborne; Peter Van Wijngaarden; Keith R Martin Journal: Expert Opin Biol Ther Date: 2018-11-14 Impact factor: 4.388
Authors: Alan W Stitt; Timothy M Curtis; Mei Chen; Reinhold J Medina; Gareth J McKay; Alicia Jenkins; Thomas A Gardiner; Timothy J Lyons; Hans-Peter Hammes; Rafael Simó; Noemi Lois Journal: Prog Retin Eye Res Date: 2015-08-18 Impact factor: 21.198