Zahra Gaeini1, Parvin Mirmiran2, Zahra Bahadoran3. 1. Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 19395-4763, No. 24, Shahid-Erabi St., Yeman St., Velenjak, Tehran, Iran. 2. Department of Clinical Nutrition and Human Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. parvin.mirmiran@gmail.com. 3. Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 19395-4763, No. 24, Shahid-Erabi St., Yeman St., Velenjak, Tehran, Iran. zahrabahadoran@yahoo.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Ramadan intermittent fasting may affect whole-body metabolism by affecting appetite-related hormones. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to clarify the possible effects of Ramadan intermittent fasting on the main hormones regulating appetite and satiety, including leptin and adiponectin. METHODS: All English language papers in the PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases were searched using the keywords "Ramadan fasting", "adiponectin", and "leptin", up to 2020. Data extraction was conducted based on the main data of the studies; the primary outcomes of the analysis were mean changes of adiponectin and leptin levels during the holy month of Ramadan in fasted subjects. MAIN RESULTS: Data of 16 eligible studies, conducted between 2003 and 2020, were included in the systematic review. Of these, 10 studies with complete data on leptin and adiponectin were included in the meta-analysis. A significant decrease in leptin levels was observed after Ramadan fasting (WMD = -2.28 ng/ml, 95% CI = -3.72, -0.84). Ramadan fasting had no significant effect on adiponectin levels (WMD = 2.19 ng/ml, 95% CI = -0.29, 4.67). Sub-group analysis demonstrated a greater decrease in leptin levels among normal-weight subjects compared to those of overweight/obese subjects (WMD = -4.67 ng/ml, 95% CI = -6.03, -3.31 vs. WMD = -3.43 ng/ml, 95% CI = -5.69, -1.17). CONCLUSION: Ramadan fasting may decrease leptin levels, especially in normal-weight subjects. There was high heterogeneity, which may be explained by the differences between the wide ranges of study conditions.
OBJECTIVES: Ramadan intermittent fasting may affect whole-body metabolism by affecting appetite-related hormones. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to clarify the possible effects of Ramadan intermittent fasting on the main hormones regulating appetite and satiety, including leptin and adiponectin. METHODS: All English language papers in the PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases were searched using the keywords "Ramadan fasting", "adiponectin", and "leptin", up to 2020. Data extraction was conducted based on the main data of the studies; the primary outcomes of the analysis were mean changes of adiponectin and leptin levels during the holy month of Ramadan in fasted subjects. MAIN RESULTS: Data of 16 eligible studies, conducted between 2003 and 2020, were included in the systematic review. Of these, 10 studies with complete data on leptin and adiponectin were included in the meta-analysis. A significant decrease in leptin levels was observed after Ramadan fasting (WMD = -2.28 ng/ml, 95% CI = -3.72, -0.84). Ramadan fasting had no significant effect on adiponectin levels (WMD = 2.19 ng/ml, 95% CI = -0.29, 4.67). Sub-group analysis demonstrated a greater decrease in leptin levels among normal-weight subjects compared to those of overweight/obese subjects (WMD = -4.67 ng/ml, 95% CI = -6.03, -3.31 vs. WMD = -3.43 ng/ml, 95% CI = -5.69, -1.17). CONCLUSION: Ramadan fasting may decrease leptin levels, especially in normal-weight subjects. There was high heterogeneity, which may be explained by the differences between the wide ranges of study conditions.
Authors: Steven A Shea; Michael F Hilton; Christine Orlova; R Timothy Ayers; Christos S Mantzoros Journal: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Date: 2005-02-01 Impact factor: 5.958
Authors: David Moher; Larissa Shamseer; Mike Clarke; Davina Ghersi; Alessandro Liberati; Mark Petticrew; Paul Shekelle; Lesley A Stewart Journal: Syst Rev Date: 2015-01-01
Authors: Ghada M Ajabnoor; Suhad Bahijri; Anwar Borai; Altaf A Abdulkhaliq; Jumana Y Al-Aama; George P Chrousos Journal: PLoS One Date: 2014-05-08 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Raphaela M Ring; Clemens Eisenmann; Farid I Kandil; Nico Steckhan; Sarah Demmrich; Caroline Klatte; Christian S Kessler; Michael Jeitler; Michael Boschmann; Andreas Michalsen; Sarah B Blakeslee; Barbara Stöckigt; Wiebke Stritter; Daniela A Koppold-Liebscher Journal: Nutrients Date: 2022-02-28 Impact factor: 5.717