A Evans-Pickett1, L Longobardi2, J T Spang3, R A Creighton3, G Kamath3, H C Davis-Wilson4, R Loeser2, J T Blackburn5, B Pietrosimone5. 1. MOTION Science Institute, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. Electronic address: alyssa7evans@unc.edu. 2. Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599, USA. 3. Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. 4. MOTION Science Institute, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. 5. MOTION Science Institute, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To compare gait biomechanics 6 months following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) between patients with the highest and lowest concentrations of synovial fluid (SF) interleukin-6 (IL-6) and matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), as well as compared to uninjured controls. DESIGN: SF concentrations of IL-6 and MMP-3 were collected 7 ± 4 days post injury in 38 ACL injured patients (55% female, 21±4yrs, 25.3 ± 5.2BMI). ACL injured individuals were stratified into the lowest and highest quartiles based on IL-6 (IL-6Lowest and IL-6Highest) and MMP-3 (MMP-3Lowest and MMP-3Highest) concentrations. Gait biomechanics were collected on the injured limb 6 months post-ACLR and in 38 uninjured controls (50% female, 21±3yrs, 23.8 ± 2.8BMI). Functional analyses of variance were used to compare vertical ground reaction force (vGRF), knee flexion angle (KFA), and internal knee extension moment (KEM) waveforms throughout stance phase of gait to determine the proportions of stance differing between limbs and groups. RESULTS: Compared to uninjured controls, IL-6High and MMP-3High ACL subgroups demonstrated lesser vGRF (largest differences: IL-6, 7.88%BW; MMP-3, 11.05%BW) during early-stance and greater vGRF (largest differences: IL-6, 6.21%BW; MMP-3, 5.85%BW) in mid-stance, lesser KFA (largest differences: IL-6, 3.11°; MMP-3, 3.72°) and lesser KEM (largest differences: IL-6, 0.96%BW•m; MMP-3, 1.07%BW•m) in early-stance, as well as greater KFA in mid-stance (largest differences: IL-6, 1.5°; MMP-3, 2.95°). CONCLUSIONS: High SF concentrations of a proinflammatory cytokine and a degradative enzyme early post-ACL injury are associated with aberrant gait biomechanics in the injured limb at 6 months post-ACLR (i.e., lesser vGRF, KFA and KEM) linked to posttraumatic osteoarthritis development.
OBJECTIVE: To compare gait biomechanics 6 months following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) between patients with the highest and lowest concentrations of synovial fluid (SF) interleukin-6 (IL-6) and matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), as well as compared to uninjured controls. DESIGN: SF concentrations of IL-6 and MMP-3 were collected 7 ± 4 days post injury in 38 ACL injured patients (55% female, 21±4yrs, 25.3 ± 5.2BMI). ACL injured individuals were stratified into the lowest and highest quartiles based on IL-6 (IL-6Lowest and IL-6Highest) and MMP-3 (MMP-3Lowest and MMP-3Highest) concentrations. Gait biomechanics were collected on the injured limb 6 months post-ACLR and in 38 uninjured controls (50% female, 21±3yrs, 23.8 ± 2.8BMI). Functional analyses of variance were used to compare vertical ground reaction force (vGRF), knee flexion angle (KFA), and internal knee extension moment (KEM) waveforms throughout stance phase of gait to determine the proportions of stance differing between limbs and groups. RESULTS: Compared to uninjured controls, IL-6High and MMP-3High ACL subgroups demonstrated lesser vGRF (largest differences: IL-6, 7.88%BW; MMP-3, 11.05%BW) during early-stance and greater vGRF (largest differences: IL-6, 6.21%BW; MMP-3, 5.85%BW) in mid-stance, lesser KFA (largest differences: IL-6, 3.11°; MMP-3, 3.72°) and lesser KEM (largest differences: IL-6, 0.96%BW•m; MMP-3, 1.07%BW•m) in early-stance, as well as greater KFA in mid-stance (largest differences: IL-6, 1.5°; MMP-3, 2.95°). CONCLUSIONS: High SF concentrations of a proinflammatory cytokine and a degradative enzyme early post-ACL injury are associated with aberrant gait biomechanics in the injured limb at 6 months post-ACLR (i.e., lesser vGRF, KFA and KEM) linked to posttraumatic osteoarthritis development.
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Authors: Valerie Sparkes; Gemma M Whatling; Paul Biggs; Nidal Khatib; Mohammad Al-Amri; David Williams; Rebecca Hemming; Martina Hagen; Ishaak Saleem; Ramesh Swaminathan; Cathy Holt Journal: Orthop Res Rev Date: 2019-09-20
Authors: Alyssa Evans-Pickett; Caroline Lisee; W Zachary Horton; David Lalush; Daniel Nissman; J Troy Blackburn; Jeffrey T Spang; Brian Pietrosimone Journal: Med Sci Sports Exerc Date: 2022-06-11
Authors: Caroline Lisee; Hope C Davis-Wilson; Alyssa Evans-Pickett; W Zachary Horton; J Troy Blackburn; Jason R Franz; Louise M Thoma; Jeffrey T Spang; Brian G Pietrosimone Journal: Med Sci Sports Exerc Date: 2022-01-24