Myocardial Stress Perfusion MRI Using Regadenoson: A Weight-based Approach in Infants and Young Children.

PURPOSE: To determine the safety and feasibility of stress cardiac MRI by using weight-based dosing of regadenoson in patients less than 40 kg and whether stress cardiac MRI affects patient management.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients less than 40 kg undergoing stress cardiac MRI by using weight-based dosing (8 μg/kg) of regadenoson were included in this retrospective single-center study. Hemodynamic response, adverse events, and cardiac MRI abnormalities in myocardial perfusion, wall motion, and delayed enhancement were evaluated. Patient management based on the results of the stress cardiac MRI were evaluated.
RESULTS: Forty-six consecutive stress cardiac MRI examinations were performed in 36 patients (median age, 9.0 years; age range, 2 months to 13.9 years) with congenital and acquired heart disease. Thirty-one of 46 (67.4%) studies were performed with the use of sedation. A myocardial perfusion defect was present in 20 of 46 (43.5%) studies, five with inducible defects only, and the remaining 15 with fixed or irreversible defects. In the 46 total studies, there were no major adverse events and nine (19.6%) minor adverse events including emesis (n = 1) and transient hypotension requiring pharmacologic intervention in eight patients who were all sedated. Sedation was an independent predictor for hypotension (P =.040). Twenty-six negative studies had no coronary interventions performed, and of the 20 positive studies, 15 were referred for catheterization, eight of which underwent coronary interventions.
CONCLUSION: Weight-based dosing of regadenoson for stress cardiac MRI was safe and feasible in infants and young children and played an integral role in the outcome and treatment decisions for children with coronary artery disease.© RSNA, 2019. 2019 by the Radiological Society of North America, Inc.