Mao Xia1, Gang Meng1, Jie Dong1. 1. Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210007, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Oncolytic virotherapy is an emerging therapeutic modality that utilizes replication-competent viruses to destroy cancers. As a powerful tool to kill tumor cells with excellent safety profile, attenuated measles virus of the Edmonston strain (MV-Edm) has been widely applied in the development of tumor therapy and preclinical trials. The aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic effect of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway inhibitor and oncolytic measles virus vaccine against lung cancer and the involved mechanisms. METHODS: Using Western blot to detect MV-Edm infection of A549 and H1299 were infected by MV-Edm alone or used the NF-κB pathway inhibitor PS1145/cell autophagy related siRNA, expression level of p-IκBα, IκBα, PARP and BAX were determined by western blot. Using flow cytometry to analysis the rate of apoptosis, and using MTT [3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo(-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide] method to detect the cell survival rate. RESULTS: Inhibition of cell autophagy could obviously inhibit the MV-Edm infection induced the NF-κB pathway activation in A549 and H1299. In MV-Edm infected A549 and H1299, p-IκBα level increased and IκBα level decreased over infection time, compared with control group. Inhibition of the NF-κB pathway by PS1145 could promote the apoptosis of MV-Edm infected A549 and H1299 and amplify the tumor killing effect. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of NF-κB signaling pathway inhibitor pS1145 and oncolytic measles virus vaccine strains can promote the apoptosis of human lung cancer cells A549 and H1299 and enhance their oncolytic effect.
BACKGROUND:Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Oncolytic virotherapy is an emerging therapeutic modality that utilizes replication-competent viruses to destroy cancers. As a powerful tool to kill tumor cells with excellent safety profile, attenuated measles virus of the Edmonston strain (MV-Edm) has been widely applied in the development of tumor therapy and preclinical trials. The aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic effect of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway inhibitor and oncolytic measles virus vaccine against lung cancer and the involved mechanisms. METHODS: Using Western blot to detect MV-Edm infection of A549 and H1299 were infected by MV-Edm alone or used the NF-κB pathway inhibitor PS1145/cell autophagy related siRNA, expression level of p-IκBα, IκBα, PARP and BAX were determined by western blot. Using flow cytometry to analysis the rate of apoptosis, and using MTT [3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo(-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide] method to detect the cell survival rate. RESULTS: Inhibition of cell autophagy could obviously inhibit the MV-Edm infection induced the NF-κB pathway activation in A549 and H1299. In MV-Edm infectedA549 and H1299, p-IκBα level increased and IκBα level decreased over infection time, compared with control group. Inhibition of the NF-κB pathway by PS1145 could promote the apoptosis of MV-Edm infectedA549 and H1299 and amplify the tumor killing effect. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of NF-κB signaling pathway inhibitor pS1145 and oncolytic measles virus vaccine strains can promote the apoptosis of humanlung cancer cells A549 and H1299 and enhance their oncolytic effect.
MV-Edm inhibits cell apoptosis by inducing autophagy to regulate NF-κB signaling pathway. A: A549 and H1299 cells transfected with siRNA targeting ATG7, or BECN1 or with nontargeting control siRNA for 24 h were infected with MV-Edm (MOI 0.5) for 48 h, IκBα, SQSTM1 and GAPDH was monitored by immunoblotting; B: A549 and H1299 cells transfected with siRNA targeting ATG7, or BECN1 or with nontargeting control siRNA for 72 h, IκBα, SQSTM1 and GAPDH was monitored by immunoblotting. NF-κB: nuclear factor kappa B; MOI: multiplicity of infection
溶瘤麻疹病毒疫苗株通过诱导细胞自噬调控NF-κB信号通路从而抑制细胞凋亡。A:分别转染Control、ATG7、BECN1三种siRNA到A549或者H1299细胞24 h,再用MOI为0.5的MV-Edm感染细胞48 h,去上清,收集细胞提取蛋白,Western blot检测IκBα以及SQSTM1的表达,以GAPDH作为内参,以Control siRNA组作为对照;B:分别转染Control、ATG7、BECN1三种siRNA到A549或者H1299细胞,72 h后去上清,收集细胞提取蛋白,Western blot检测IκBα以及SQSTM1的表达,以GAPDH作为内参,以Control siRNA组作为对照。MV-Edm inhibits cell apoptosis by inducing autophagy to regulate NF-κB signaling pathway. A: A549 and H1299 cells transfected with siRNA targeting ATG7, or BECN1 or with nontargeting control siRNA for 24 h were infected with MV-Edm (MOI 0.5) for 48 h, IκBα, SQSTM1 and GAPDH was monitored by immunoblotting; B: A549 and H1299 cells transfected with siRNA targeting ATG7, or BECN1 or with nontargeting control siRNA for 72 h, IκBα, SQSTM1 and GAPDH was monitored by immunoblotting. NF-κB: nuclear factor kappa B; MOI: multiplicity of infection
MV-Edm infection of lung cancer cells induces activation of NF-κB signaling pathway, and application of IKK inhibitor PS1145 can inhibit the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway. A: The level of p-IκBα and IκBα was monitored by immunoblotting of A549 and H1299 cells after infection by MV-Edm (MOI 0.5) at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h; B: The level of p-IκBα and IκBα was monitored by Western blot 48 h after infection of MV-Edm infection with or without IKK inhibitor PS1145.
MV-Edm感染肺癌细胞诱导NF-κB信号通路的激活,应用IKK抑制剂PS1145可以抑制NF-κB信号通路的激活。A:用MOI为0.5的MV-Edm分别处理A549和H1299细胞,在24 h、48 h和72 h收集细胞提取蛋白,Western blot检测p-IκBα和IκBα的表达,以GAPDH作为内参,以不感染病毒作为对照。Image J软件统计灰度比。图中Western blot结果选取自两次独立实验结果之一;B:用NF-κB通路抑制剂PS1145(10 μm/L)分别预处理A549和H1299细胞,3 h后感染MOI为0.5的MV-Edm,48 h后收集细胞提取蛋白,Western blot检测p-IκBα和IκBα的表达,以GAPDH作为内参,以不感染病毒或/和不做PS1145预处理作为对照。MV-Edm infection of lung cancer cells induces activation of NF-κB signaling pathway, and application of IKK inhibitor PS1145 can inhibit the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway. A: The level of p-IκBα and IκBα was monitored by immunoblotting of A549 and H1299 cells after infection by MV-Edm (MOI 0.5) at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h; B: The level of p-IκBα and IκBα was monitored by Western blot 48 h after infection of MV-Edm infection with or without IKK inhibitor PS1145.
Inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway promots apoptosis induced by MV-Edm infection (P < 0.01). A: A549 cells pretreated with PS1145 for 3 h were infected with MV-Edm (MOI 0.5) for at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h, and cell apoptosis was quantified using Annexin V/PI; B: The level of p-IκBα, IκBα, PARP and BAX was monitored by immunoblotting 48 h after infection of MV-Edm infection with or without IKK inhibitor PS1145.
抑制NF-κB信号通路可促进MV-Edm感染诱导的细胞凋亡(P < 0.01)。A:用NF-κB通路抑制剂PS1145处理A549细胞,3 h后感染MOI为0.5的MV-Edm,48 h后用Annexin V/PI双染法流式细胞仪检测A549细胞的凋亡情况并做统计分析,以不感染病毒或/和不做PS1145预处理作为对照;B:用NF-κB通路抑制剂PS1145预处理A549细胞,3 h后感染MOI为0.5的MV-Edm,48 h后收集细胞提取蛋白,Western blot检测p-IκBα、IκBα、PARP以及BAX的表达,以GAPDH作为内参,以不做PS1145预处理作为对照。Inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway promots apoptosis induced by MV-Edm infection (P < 0.01). A: A549 cells pretreated with PS1145 for 3 h were infected with MV-Edm (MOI 0.5) for at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h, and cell apoptosis was quantified using Annexin V/PI; B: The level of p-IκBα, IκBα, PARP and BAX was monitored by immunoblotting 48 h after infection of MV-Edm infection with or without IKK inhibitor PS1145.
Inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway can enhance the oncolytic effect of MV-Edm(P < 0.01), A549 and H1299 cells pretreated with PS1145 for 3 h were infected with MV-Edm (MOI 0.5) for at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h, and cell death was quantified using MTT. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01
抑制NF-κB信号通路可以增强MV-Edm的溶瘤效果(P < 0.01)。用NF-κB通路抑制剂PS1145分别预处理A549和H1299细胞,3 h后感染MOI为0.5的MV-Edm,48 h时后用MTT法检测A549和H1299细胞的存活率,以不感染病毒或/和不做PS1145预处理作为对照。Inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway can enhance the oncolytic effect of MV-Edm(P < 0.01), A549 and H1299 cells pretreated with PS1145 for 3 h were infected with MV-Edm (MOI 0.5) for at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h, and cell death was quantified using MTT. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01
Authors: Erinna F Lee; Nicholas A Smith; Tatiana P Soares da Costa; Nastaran Meftahi; Shenggen Yao; Tiffany J Harris; Sharon Tran; Anne Pettikiriarachchi; Matthew A Perugini; David W Keizer; Marco Evangelista; Brian J Smith; W Douglas Fairlie Journal: Autophagy Date: 2019-01-09 Impact factor: 16.016
Authors: Zhaoyu Jin; Yun Li; Robert Pitti; David Lawrence; Victoria C Pham; Jennie R Lill; Avi Ashkenazi Journal: Cell Date: 2009-05-07 Impact factor: 41.582
Authors: C Allen; M Opyrchal; I Aderca; M A Schroeder; J N Sarkaria; E Domingo; M J Federspiel; E Galanis Journal: Gene Ther Date: 2012-08-23 Impact factor: 5.250