W Sean Davidson1, Allison L Cooke2, Debi K Swertfeger3, Amy S Shah4. 1. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45237, USA. Sean.Davidson@UC.edu. 2. Abalone Bio, Richmond, CA, 94608, USA. 3. Department of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, 45229, USA. 4. Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, 45229, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The term high density lipoproteins (HDL) refers to an eclectic collection of subparticles that play diverse roles in physiology. Here, we define the term "HDL subspecies" and review recent work on their molecular characterization and relation to disease, focusing on cardiovascular disease and diabetes. RECENT FINDINGS: The HDL family contains over 200 proteins and nearly 200 lipids that partition into different particles in plasma. Simple subfractionation of HDL based on a particular physicochemical property has not risen to the challenge of revealing the roles of specific particles in disease. However, by targeting minor protein or lipid components, a handful of compositionally defined HDL subspecies have been described and characterized. By combining targeted particle isolation techniques with the power of large human studies, progress is being made in understanding HDL subspecies functions and implications for disease. However, much work remains before these advancements can be translated into disease mitigation strategies.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The term high density lipoproteins (HDL) refers to an eclectic collection of subparticles that play diverse roles in physiology. Here, we define the term "HDL subspecies" and review recent work on their molecular characterization and relation to disease, focusing on cardiovascular disease and diabetes. RECENT FINDINGS: The HDL family contains over 200 proteins and nearly 200 lipids that partition into different particles in plasma. Simple subfractionation of HDL based on a particular physicochemical property has not risen to the challenge of revealing the roles of specific particles in disease. However, by targeting minor protein or lipid components, a handful of compositionally defined HDL subspecies have been described and characterized. By combining targeted particle isolation techniques with the power of large human studies, progress is being made in understanding HDL subspecies functions and implications for disease. However, much work remains before these advancements can be translated into disease mitigation strategies.
Entities:
Keywords:
Cardiovascular disease; High density lipoproteins; Lipoprotein; Lipoprotein subspecies; Pre-beta HDL; Subfractions; Subspecies; Trypanosome lytic factor; Type 2 diabetes
Authors: Lin T Guey; Clive R Pullinger; Brian Y Ishida; Patricia M O'Connor; Christian Zellner; Omar L Francone; Jason M Laramie; Josefina M Naya-Vigne; Ketevan A Siradze; Prakash Deedwania; Rita F Redberg; Philip H Frost; Albert B Seymour; John P Kane; Mary J Malloy Journal: Am J Cardiol Date: 2011-08-01 Impact factor: 2.778
Authors: Jeremy D Furtado; Rain Yamamoto; John T Melchior; Allison B Andraski; Maria Gamez-Guerrero; Patrick Mulcahy; Zeling He; Tianxi Cai; W Sean Davidson; Frank M Sacks Journal: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol Date: 2018-12 Impact factor: 8.311
Authors: Jacy Crosby; Gina M Peloso; Paul L Auer; David R Crosslin; Nathan O Stitziel; Leslie A Lange; Yingchang Lu; Zheng-zheng Tang; He Zhang; George Hindy; Nicholas Masca; Kathleen Stirrups; Stavroula Kanoni; Ron Do; Goo Jun; Youna Hu; Hyun Min Kang; Chenyi Xue; Anuj Goel; Martin Farrall; Stefano Duga; Pier Angelica Merlini; Rosanna Asselta; Domenico Girelli; Oliviero Olivieri; Nicola Martinelli; Wu Yin; Dermot Reilly; Elizabeth Speliotes; Caroline S Fox; Kristian Hveem; Oddgeir L Holmen; Majid Nikpay; Deborah N Farlow; Themistocles L Assimes; Nora Franceschini; Jennifer Robinson; Kari E North; Lisa W Martin; Mark DePristo; Namrata Gupta; Stefan A Escher; Jan-Håkan Jansson; Natalie Van Zuydam; Colin N A Palmer; Nicholas Wareham; Werner Koch; Thomas Meitinger; Annette Peters; Wolfgang Lieb; Raimund Erbel; Inke R Konig; Jochen Kruppa; Franziska Degenhardt; Omri Gottesman; Erwin P Bottinger; Christopher J O'Donnell; Bruce M Psaty; Christie M Ballantyne; Goncalo Abecasis; Jose M Ordovas; Olle Melander; Hugh Watkins; Marju Orho-Melander; Diego Ardissino; Ruth J F Loos; Ruth McPherson; Cristen J Willer; Jeanette Erdmann; Alistair S Hall; Nilesh J Samani; Panos Deloukas; Heribert Schunkert; James G Wilson; Charles Kooperberg; Stephen S Rich; Russell P Tracy; Dan-Yu Lin; David Altshuler; Stacey Gabriel; Deborah A Nickerson; Gail P Jarvik; L Adrienne Cupples; Alex P Reiner; Eric Boerwinkle; Sekar Kathiresan Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2014-06-18 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: W Sean Davidson; Amy S Shah; Hannah Sexmith; Scott M Gordon Journal: Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids Date: 2021-11-18 Impact factor: 4.698
Authors: William Hancock-Cerutti; John S Millar; Silvia Valentini; Jason Liu; Jeffrey T Billheimer; Daniel J Rader; Marina Cuchel Journal: Molecules Date: 2021-11-14 Impact factor: 4.411