Lee Smith1, Shahina Pardhan2, Trish Gorely3, Yvonne Barnett4, Louis Jacob5,6, Guillermo F López-Sánchez7, Mark A Tully8, Jae Il Shin9, Ai Koyanagi6,10. 1. The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK. Lee.Smith@aru.ac.uk. 2. Vision and Eye Research Institute, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University-Cambridge Campus, Cambridge, UK. 3. Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of the Highlands and Islands, Inverness, UK. 4. Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK. 5. Faculty of Medicine, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France. 6. ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain. 7. Vision and Eye Research Institute, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University-Cambridge Campus, Cambridge, UK. guillermo.lopez-sanchez@aru.ac.uk. 8. Institute of Mental Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, UK. 9. Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 10. Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Data on the association between visual difficulty and physical activity (PA) from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are scarce. Thus, the aim of the study was to investigate the association between visual difficulty and PA among adults from 36 LMICs, and to assess the mediators in this association. METHODS: Cross-sectional, community-based, predominantly nationally representative data from the World Health Survey were analysed. The final sample included 199,110 individuals aged ≥18 years [mean (SD) age 38.6 (16.1) years; 49.4% males]. Visual difficulty referred to having severe/extreme difficulties in seeing and recognizing a person that the participant knows across the road. Low PA was defined as not complying with PA recommendations of 150 min of moderate-vigorous PA per week. Multivariable logistic regression, meta-analysis, and mediation analysis were conducted to assess associations. RESULTS: Meta-analysis based on country-wise multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that overall, visual difficulty is associated with a 1.53 (95% CI = 1.38-1.71) times higher odds for low PA. Particularly strong associations were observed in males (OR = 1.72; 95% CI = 1.45-2.05) and adults aged ≥65 years (OR = 1.95; 95% CI = 1.67-2.29). Interpersonal activities, cognition, and sleep/energy explained >10% of the association between visual difficulty and low PA. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, we found evidence that especially in the case of males and older adults with visual difficulties in LMICs, there were low levels of engagement with PA. Addressing issues such as interpersonal activities, cognition, and sleep/energy in people with visual difficulties may increase levels of PA.
BACKGROUND: Data on the association between visual difficulty and physical activity (PA) from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are scarce. Thus, the aim of the study was to investigate the association between visual difficulty and PA among adults from 36 LMICs, and to assess the mediators in this association. METHODS: Cross-sectional, community-based, predominantly nationally representative data from the World Health Survey were analysed. The final sample included 199,110 individuals aged ≥18 years [mean (SD) age 38.6 (16.1) years; 49.4% males]. Visual difficulty referred to having severe/extreme difficulties in seeing and recognizing a person that the participant knows across the road. Low PA was defined as not complying with PA recommendations of 150 min of moderate-vigorous PA per week. Multivariable logistic regression, meta-analysis, and mediation analysis were conducted to assess associations. RESULTS: Meta-analysis based on country-wise multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that overall, visual difficulty is associated with a 1.53 (95% CI = 1.38-1.71) times higher odds for low PA. Particularly strong associations were observed in males (OR = 1.72; 95% CI = 1.45-2.05) and adults aged ≥65 years (OR = 1.95; 95% CI = 1.67-2.29). Interpersonal activities, cognition, and sleep/energy explained >10% of the association between visual difficulty and low PA. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, we found evidence that especially in the case of males and older adults with visual difficulties in LMICs, there were low levels of engagement with PA. Addressing issues such as interpersonal activities, cognition, and sleep/energy in people with visual difficulties may increase levels of PA.
Authors: Lee Smith; Sarah E Jackson; Shahina Pardhan; Guillermo Felipe López-Sánchez; Liang Hu; Chao Cao; Davy Vancampfort; Ai Koyanagi; Brendon Stubbs; Joseph Firth; Lin Yang Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2019-04-14 Impact factor: 2.692
Authors: Claire Nollett; Barbara Ryan; Nathan Bray; Catey Bunce; Robin Casten; Rhiannon Tudor Edwards; David Gillespie; Daniel J Smith; Miles Stanford; Tom H Margrain Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2019-01-17 Impact factor: 2.692
Authors: Ellen E Freeman; Marie-Hélène Roy-Gagnon; Elodie Samson; Slim Haddad; Marie-Josée Aubin; Claudia Vela; Maria Victoria Zunzunegui Journal: PLoS One Date: 2013-05-10 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Hanen Harrabi; Marie-Josee Aubin; Maria Victoria Zunzunegui; Slim Haddad; Ellen E Freeman Journal: PLoS One Date: 2014-02-07 Impact factor: 3.240