Kaies Abderrahim1, Sourour Zina2, Molka Khairallah2, Hager Ben Amor2, Sana Khochtali2, Moncef Khairallah3. 1. Department of Ophthalmology, Medenine University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia. 2. Department of Ophthalmology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia. 3. Department of Ophthalmology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia. moncef.khairallah@rns.tn.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of abducens nerve palsy with associated retinal involvement due to rickettsia typhi infection. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A single case report documented with multimodal imaging. RESULTS: A 18-year-old woman with a history of high-grade fever was initially diagnosed with typhoid fever and treated with fluoroquinolone. She presented with a 5-day history of diplopia and headaches. Her best-corrected visual acuity was 20/20 in both eyes. Ocular motility examination showed left lateral gaze restriction. Lancaster test confirmed the presence of left abducens palsy. Fundus examination showed optic disc swelling in both eyes associated with superotemporal retinal hemorrhage and a small retinal infiltrate with retinal hemorrhage in the nasal periphery in the left eye. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and orbits showed no abnormalities. A diagnosis of rickettsial disease was suspected and the serologic test for Richettsia Typhi was positive. The patient was treated with doxycycline (100 mg every 12 h) for 15 days with complete recovery of the left lateral rectus motility and resolution of optic disc swelling, retinal hemorrhages, and retinal infiltrate. CONCLUSION: Rickettsial disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of abducens nerve palsy in any patient with unexplained fever from endemic area. Fundus examination may help establish an early diagnosis and to start an appropriate rickettsial treatment.
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of abducens nerve palsy with associated retinal involvement due to rickettsia typhi infection. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A single case report documented with multimodal imaging. RESULTS: A 18-year-old woman with a history of high-grade fever was initially diagnosed with typhoid fever and treated with fluoroquinolone. She presented with a 5-day history of diplopia and headaches. Her best-corrected visual acuity was 20/20 in both eyes. Ocular motility examination showed left lateral gaze restriction. Lancaster test confirmed the presence of left abducens palsy. Fundus examination showed optic disc swelling in both eyes associated with superotemporal retinal hemorrhage and a small retinal infiltrate with retinal hemorrhage in the nasal periphery in the left eye. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and orbits showed no abnormalities. A diagnosis of rickettsial disease was suspected and the serologic test for Richettsia Typhi was positive. The patient was treated with doxycycline (100 mg every 12 h) for 15 days with complete recovery of the left lateral rectus motility and resolution of optic disc swelling, retinal hemorrhages, and retinal infiltrate. CONCLUSION:Rickettsial disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of abducens nerve palsy in any patient with unexplained fever from endemic area. Fundus examination may help establish an early diagnosis and to start an appropriate rickettsial treatment.
Entities:
Keywords:
Abducens nerve palsy; Case report; Fever; Murine typhus; Retinitis; Rickettsiosis; SD OCT
Authors: M Khairallah; S Ben Yahia; A Toumi; B Jelliti; C Loussaief; F B Romdhane; R Messaoud; M Chakroun Journal: Br J Ophthalmol Date: 2009-05-03 Impact factor: 4.638