Annelize Zambon Barbosa Aragão1, Natália Galdi Quel1, Paulo Pinto Joazeiro2, Tomomasa Yano1. 1. Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazil. 2. Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) isolated from avian cellulitis lesions produces a toxin, named Escherichia coli vacuolating factor (ECVF), that causes cell vacuolization and induces inflammatory response in broiler chicken. METHODS: We investigated the intracellular activities of ECVF in avian fibroblasts using fluorescence staining, electron microscopy, MTT and LDH measurements. As ECVF act specifically in avian cells, we performed blotting assay followed by mass spectrometry to better understand its initial intracellular protein recognition. RESULTS: ECVF induced actin contraction, mitochondrial damage and membrane permeability alterations. Ultrastructural analysis showed intracellular alterations, as nuclear lobulation and the presence of degraded structures inside the vacuoles. Moreover, ECVF induced cell death in fibroblasts. ECVF-biotin associates to at least two proteins only in avian cell lysates: alpha-actinin 4 and vinculin, both involved in cytoskeleton structure. CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrated that ECVF plays an important role in avian cellulitis, markedly in initial steps of infection. Taken together, the results place this toxin as a target for drug and/or vaccine development, instead of the use of large amounts antibiotics.
BACKGROUND: Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) isolated from avian cellulitis lesions produces a toxin, named Escherichia coli vacuolating factor (ECVF), that causes cell vacuolization and induces inflammatory response in broiler chicken. METHODS: We investigated the intracellular activities of ECVF in avian fibroblasts using fluorescence staining, electron microscopy, MTT and LDH measurements. As ECVF act specifically in avian cells, we performed blotting assay followed by mass spectrometry to better understand its initial intracellular protein recognition. RESULTS: ECVF induced actin contraction, mitochondrial damage and membrane permeability alterations. Ultrastructural analysis showed intracellular alterations, as nuclear lobulation and the presence of degraded structures inside the vacuoles. Moreover, ECVF induced cell death in fibroblasts. ECVF-biotin associates to at least two proteins only in avian cell lysates: alpha-actinin 4 and vinculin, both involved in cytoskeleton structure. CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrated that ECVF plays an important role in avian cellulitis, markedly in initial steps of infection. Taken together, the results place this toxin as a target for drug and/or vaccine development, instead of the use of large amounts antibiotics.
Authors: P Figueroa-Arredondo; J E Heuser; N S Akopyants; J H Morisaki; S Giono-Cerezo; F Enríquez-Rincón; D E Berg Journal: Infect Immun Date: 2001-03 Impact factor: 3.441
Authors: N G Quel; A Z B Aragão; M R Salvadori; A S Farias; P P Joazeiro; L M B Santos; L R M Sá; A J P Ferreira; T Yano Journal: Vet Microbiol Date: 2012-11-11 Impact factor: 3.293