Wout Backaert1,2, Brecht Steelant2, Peter W Hellings1,2,3,4, Karel Talavera5, Laura Van Gerven6,7,8. 1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium. 2. Department of Microbiology, Immunology and transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Unit, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. 3. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 4. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Laboratory of Upper Airways Research, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium. 5. Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, KU Leuven, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium. 6. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium. laura.vangerven@uzleuven.be. 7. Department of Microbiology, Immunology and transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Unit, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. laura.vangerven@uzleuven.be. 8. Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Otorhinolaryngology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. laura.vangerven@uzleuven.be.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Despite their high prevalence, the pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis (AR) and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) remains unclear. Recently, transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channels emerged as important players in type 2 upper airway inflammatory disorders. In this review, we aim to discuss known and yet to be explored roles of TRP channels in the pathophysiology of AR and CRS with nasal polyps. RECENT FINDINGS: TRP channels participate in a plethora of cellular functions and are expressed on T cells, mast cells, respiratory epithelial cells, and sensory neurons of the upper airways. In chronic upper airway inflammation, TRP vanilloid 1 is mostly studied in relation to nasal hyperreactivity. Several other TRP channels such as TRP vanilloid 4, TRP ankyrin 1, TRP melastatin channels, and TRP canonical channels also have important functions, rendering them potential targets for therapy. The role of TRP channels in type 2 inflammatory upper airway diseases is steadily being uncovered and increasingly recognized. Modulation of TRP channels may offer therapeutic perspectives.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Despite their high prevalence, the pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis (AR) and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) remains unclear. Recently, transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channels emerged as important players in type 2 upper airway inflammatory disorders. In this review, we aim to discuss known and yet to be explored roles of TRP channels in the pathophysiology of AR and CRS with nasal polyps. RECENT FINDINGS:TRP channels participate in a plethora of cellular functions and are expressed on T cells, mast cells, respiratory epithelial cells, and sensory neurons of the upper airways. In chronic upper airway inflammation, TRP vanilloid 1 is mostly studied in relation to nasal hyperreactivity. Several other TRP channels such as TRP vanilloid 4, TRPankyrin 1, TRP melastatin channels, and TRP canonical channels also have important functions, rendering them potential targets for therapy. The role of TRP channels in type 2 inflammatory upper airway diseases is steadily being uncovered and increasingly recognized. Modulation of TRP channels may offer therapeutic perspectives.
Entities:
Keywords:
Allergic rhinitis; Chronic rhinosinusitis; Mast cell; Nasal hyperreactivity; Respiratory epithelial cell; T cell; Transient receptor potential; Type 2 inflammation
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