Nematicidal activity of a hydroalcoholic extract of the edible mushroom Neolentinus ponderosus on L3 larvae of Haemonchus contortus.

OBJECTIVE: In the present study, the in vitro and in vivo effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of Neolentinus ponderosus (EHNP) on L3 larvae of Haemonchus contortus was evaluated.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The N. ponderosus fungus was cultivated in potato dextrose liquid medium for 7 days at 120 rpm and 25 °C. Subsequently, the EHNP was obtained; in vitro bioassays were performed in 96-well plates. Furthermore, an in vitro confrontation with different concentrations of EHNP was carried out at 72 h against L3 larvae of H. contortus. The controls used were distilled water and ivermectin at 5 mg/mL. Subsequently, the in vivo activity of EHNP was evaluated using the gerbil against H. contortus L3 larvae as an experimental model. The experimental design consisted of four groups with: (1) distilled water, (2) fenbendazole at 20 mg/kg of body weight, (3) EHNP at a dose of 81 µg/mL, and (4) EHNP at a dose of 40 µg/mL.
RESULTS: In vitro study showed 97% mortality of the parasite H. contortus at a concentration of 3.4 mg/mL and a lethal concentration (LC90) of 2 mg/mL EHNP. In the in vivo assessment the highest mortality was (49%) at 72 h at a concentration of 81 µg/mL bw.
CONCLUSION: The result of the present study shows that EHNP has nematicidal activity in vitro and in vivo tests (close to 97% and 50%, respectively), the fungus N. ponderosus should be considered in future tests to elucidate the secondary metabolites through spectroscopic studies.