| Literature DB >> 33720386 |
Stefan Brockmann1, Achim Dittler2, Gunnar Grün3, Michael Haibel4, Thomas Iftner5, Hans-Georg Kräusslich6, Boris Mizaikoff7, Jennifer Niessner8, B Richter9, Claudia Spahn9, Konstantinos Stergiaropoulos10, Heike von Baum11.
Abstract
Aerosols are currently seen as one of the main transmission routes for SARS-CoV-2, but a comprehensive understanding of the processes and appropriate action/adaptation of protection concepts requires the exchange of information across interdisciplinary boundaries. Against this background, the Baden-Württemberg state government launched in October 2020 a multidisciplinary "Expert Group Aerosols" comprising engineers, natural scientists and medical professionals. In its statement, the group has compiled the current state of knowledge in all relevant disciplines in the context of airborne SARS-CoV-2 infection. In addition to the well-known hygiene and social distancing rules, the importance of the correct use of effective masks is emphasized. Furthermore, the necessity for dynamic and correct ventilation is pointed out and illustrated with ventilation intervals and periods for different scenarios as examples. The effectiveness of stationary or mobile cabin air filters as an important component in the protection concept is discussed. The first opinion of the expert group makes it clear that the existing hygiene and social distancing rules offer the best possible protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection only when correctly applied in combination. Thieme. All rights reserved.Entities:
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Year: 2021 PMID: 33720386 PMCID: PMC8043587 DOI: 10.1055/a-1363-0972
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Gesundheitswesen ISSN: 0941-3790
Tab. 1 Volumenstrom in einen Raum über Drehfenster (1,8 m 2 , 90° Öffnung) bei unterschiedlichen Außentemperaturen.
| V ist in m 3 /h | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15°C | 10°C | 0°C | −5°C | −10°C | ||
| Fenster-anzahl | 1 | 646 | 842 | 1000 | 1258 | 1369 |
| 2 | 1292 | 1684 | 2000 | 2516 | 2738 | |
| 3 | 1938 | 2525 | 3000 | 3774 | 4107 | |
| 4 | 2584 | 3367 | 4000 | 5032 | 5476 | |
| 5 | 3230 | 4209 | 5000 | 6290 | 6844 | |
Tab. 2 Zeitspanne in Minuten (offene Fenster) für einen 40 m 2 großen Raum, um das Raumluftvolumen einmal auszutauschen.
| 15°C | 10°C | 5°C | 0°C | −5°C | −10°C | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fenster-anzahl | 1 | 11 | 9 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 2 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |
| 3 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
| 4 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
Tab. 3 Fremd- und Eigenschutz gebräuchlicher Halbmasken, von links nach rechts geordnet nach zunehmendem Eigenschutz.
| Alltagsmaske | MNS | FFP1 | FFP2/3 mit Ventil | FFP2 | KN95 | N95 | FFP3 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| keine | EN 14683 | EN 149 | EN 149 | EN 149 | GB 2626 | 42 CFR Part 84 | EN 149 | |
| Fremdschutz |
| ja | ja | ja | ja | ja | ja | ja | ja |
|
| ja | ja | ja | ja | ja | ja | ja | ja | |
|
| 10–70% | 40–90% | >80% | nein | >94% | >95% | >95% | >99% | |
| Eigen- |
| 10–70% | 40–90% | >80% | >94/99% | >94% | >95% | >95% | >99% |